1διωκετεG1377{V-PAM-2P} τηνG3588{T-ASF} αγαπηνG26{N-ASF} ζηλουτεG2206{V-PAM-2P} δεG1161{CONJ} ταG3588{T-APN} πνευματικαG4152{A-APN} μαλλονG3123{ADV} δεG1161{CONJ} ιναG2443{CONJ} προφητευητεG4395{V-PAS-2P} 2οG3588{T-NSM} γαρG1063{CONJ} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} ουκG3756{PRT-N} ανθρωποιςG444{N-DPM} λαλειG2980{V-PAI-3S} αλλαG235{CONJ} τσβτωG3588{T-DSM} θεωG2316{N-DSM} ουδειςG3762{A-NSM} γαρG1063{CONJ} ακουειG191{V-PAI-3S} πνευματιG4151{N-DSN} δεG1161{CONJ} λαλειG2980{V-PAI-3S} μυστηριαG3466{N-APN} 3οG3588{T-NSM} δεG1161{CONJ} προφητευωνG4395{V-PAP-NSM} ανθρωποιςG444{N-DPM} λαλειG2980{V-PAI-3S} οικοδομηνG3619{N-ASF} καιG2532{CONJ} παρακλησινG3874{N-ASF} καιG2532{CONJ} παραμυθιανG3889{N-ASF} 4οG3588{T-NSM} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} εαυτονG1438{F-3ASM} οικοδομειG3618{V-PAI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} δεG1161{CONJ} προφητευωνG4395{V-PAP-NSM} εκκλησιανG1577{N-ASF} οικοδομειG3618{V-PAI-3S} 5θελωG2309{V-PAI-1S} δεG1161{CONJ} πανταςG3956{A-APM} υμαςG5209{P-2AP} λαλεινG2980{V-PAN} γλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} μαλλονG3123{ADV} δεG1161{CONJ} ιναG2443{CONJ} προφητευητεG4395{V-PAS-2P} μειζωνG3187{A-NSM-C} αδεG1161{CONJ} τσβγαρG1063{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} προφητευωνG4395{V-PAP-NSM} ηG2228{PRT} οG3588{T-NSM} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} γλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} εκτοςG1622{ADV} ειG1487{COND} μηG3361{PRT-N} βδιερμηνευειG1329{V-PAI-3S} ατσδιερμηνευηG1329{V-PAS-3S} ιναG2443{CONJ} ηG3588{T-NSF} εκκλησιαG1577{N-NSF} οικοδομηνG3619{N-ASF} λαβηG2983{V-2AAS-3S} 6ανυνG3568{ADV} τσβνυνιG3570{ADV} δεG1161{CONJ} αδελφοιG80{N-VPM} εανG1437{COND} ελθωG2064{V-2AAS-1S} προςG4314{PREP} υμαςG5209{P-2AP} γλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} τιG5101{I-ASN} υμαςG5209{P-2AP} ωφελησωG5623{V-FAI-1S} εανG1437{COND} μηG3361{PRT-N} υμινG5213{P-2DP} λαλησωG2980{V-AAS-1S} ηG2228{PRT} ενG1722{PREP} αποκαλυψειG602{N-DSF} ηG2228{PRT} ενG1722{PREP} γνωσειG1108{N-DSF} ηG2228{PRT} ενG1722{PREP} προφητειαG4394{N-DSF} ηG2228{PRT} α[εν]G1722{PREP} τσβενG1722{PREP} διδαχηG1322{N-DSF} 7ομωςG3676{CONJ} ταG3588{T-NPN} αψυχαG895{A-NPN} φωνηνG5456{N-ASF} διδονταG1325{V-PAP-NPN} ειτεG1535{CONJ} αυλοςG836{N-NSM} ειτεG1535{CONJ} κιθαραG2788{N-NSF} εανG1437{COND} διαστοληνG1293{N-ASF} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} φθογγοιςG5353{N-DPM} μηG3361{PRT-N} βδιδωG1325{V-PAS-1S} ατσδωG1325{V-2AAS-3S} πωςG4459{ADV-I} γνωσθησεταιG1097{V-FPI-3S} τοG3588{T-NSN} αυλουμενονG832{V-PPP-NSN} ηG2228{PRT} τοG3588{T-NSN} κιθαριζομενονG2789{V-PPP-NSN} 8καιG2532{CONJ} γαρG1063{CONJ} εανG1437{COND} αδηλονG82{A-ASF} τσβφωνηνG5456{N-ASF} σαλπιγξG4536{N-NSF} αφωνηνG5456{N-ASF} δωG1325{V-2AAS-3S} τιςG5101{I-NSM} παρασκευασεταιG3903{V-FDI-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} πολεμονG4171{N-ASM} 9ουτωςG3779{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} υμειςG5210{P-2NP} διαG1223{PREP} τηςG3588{T-GSF} γλωσσηςG1100{N-GSF} εανG1437{COND} μηG3361{PRT-N} ευσημονG2154{A-ASM} λογονG3056{N-ASM} δωτεG1325{V-2AAS-2P} πωςG4459{ADV-I} γνωσθησεταιG1097{V-FPI-3S} τοG3588{T-NSN} λαλουμενονG2980{V-PPP-NSN} εσεσθεG2071{V-FXI-2P} γαρG1063{CONJ} ειςG1519{PREP} αεραG109{N-ASM} λαλουντεςG2980{V-PAP-NPM} 10τοσαυταG5118{D-NPN} ειG1487{COND} τυχοιG5177{V-2AAO-3S} γενηG1085{N-NPN} φωνωνG5456{N-GPM} αεισινG1526{V-PXI-3P} τσβεστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} ενG1722{PREP} κοσμωG2889{N-DSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ουδενG3762{A-NSN} βταυτωνG846{P-GPM} αφωνονG880{A-NSN} 11εανG1437{COND} ουνG3767{CONJ} μηG3361{PRT-N} ειδωG1492{V-RAS-1S} τηνG3588{T-ASF} δυναμινG1411{N-ASF} τηςG3588{T-GSF} φωνηςG5456{N-GSF} εσομαιG2071{V-FXI-1S} τωG3588{T-DSM} λαλουντιG2980{V-PAP-DSM} βαρβαροςG915{A-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} ενG1722{PREP} εμοιG1698{P-1DS} βαρβαροςG915{A-NSM} 12ουτωςG3779{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} υμειςG5210{P-2NP} επειG1893{CONJ} ζηλωταιG2207{N-NPM} εστεG2075{V-PXI-2P} πνευματωνG4151{N-GPN} προςG4314{PREP} τηνG3588{T-ASF} οικοδομηνG3619{N-ASF} τηςG3588{T-GSF} εκκλησιαςG1577{N-GSF} ζητειτεG2212{V-PAM-2P} ιναG2443{CONJ} περισσευητεG4052{V-PAS-2P} 13αδιοG1352{CONJ} τσβδιοπερG1355{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} λαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} προσευχεσθωG4336{V-PNM-3S} ιναG2443{CONJ} διερμηνευηG1329{V-PAS-3S} 14εανG1437{COND} α[γαρ]G1063{CONJ} τσβγαρG1063{CONJ} προσευχωμαιG4336{V-PNS-1S} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} τοG3588{T-NSN} πνευμαG4151{N-NSN} μουG3450{P-1GS} προσευχεταιG4336{V-PNI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} δεG1161{CONJ} νουςG3563{N-NSM} μουG3450{P-1GS} ακαρποςG175{A-NSM} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} 15τιG5101{I-NSN} ουνG3767{CONJ} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} προσευξομαιG4336{V-FDI-1S} τωG3588{T-DSN} πνευματιG4151{N-DSN} προσευξομαιG4336{V-FDI-1S} δεG1161{CONJ} καιG2532{CONJ} τωG3588{T-DSM} νοιG3563{N-DSM} ψαλωG5567{V-FAI-1S} τωG3588{T-DSN} πνευματιG4151{N-DSN} ψαλωG5567{V-FAI-1S} δεG1161{CONJ} καιG2532{CONJ} τωG3588{T-DSM} νοιG3563{N-DSM} 16επειG1893{CONJ} εανG1437{COND} αευλογηςG2127{V-PAS-2S} τσβευλογησηςG2127{V-AAS-2S} α[εν]G1722{PREP} τσβτωG3588{T-DSN} πνευματιG4151{N-DSN} οG3588{T-NSM} αναπληρωνG378{V-PAP-NSM} τονG3588{T-ASM} τοπονG5117{N-ASM} τουG3588{T-GSM} ιδιωτουG2399{N-GSM} πωςG4459{ADV-I} ερειG2046{V-FAI-3S} τοG3588{T-ASN} αμηνG281{HEB} επιG1909{PREP} τηG3588{T-DSF} σηG4674{S-2DSF} ευχαριστιαG2169{N-DSF} επειδηG1894{CONJ} τιG5101{I-ASN} λεγειςG3004{V-PAI-2S} ουκG3756{PRT-N} οιδενG1492{V-RAI-3S} 17συG4771{P-2NS} μενG3303{PRT} γαρG1063{CONJ} καλωςG2573{ADV} ευχαριστειςG2168{V-PAI-2S} αλλG235{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} ετεροςG2087{A-NSM} ουκG3756{PRT-N} οικοδομειταιG3618{V-PPI-3S} 18ευχαριστωG2168{V-PAI-1S} τωG3588{T-DSM} θεωG2316{N-DSM} τσβμουG3450{P-1GS} παντωνG3956{A-GPM} υμωνG5216{P-2GP} μαλλονG3123{ADV} γλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} αλαλωG2980{V-PAI-1S} τσβλαλωνG2980{V-PAP-NSM} 19ααλλαG235{CONJ} τσβαλλG235{CONJ} ενG1722{PREP} εκκλησιαG1577{N-DSF} θελωG2309{V-PAI-1S} πεντεG4002{A-NUI} λογουςG3056{N-APM} ατωG3588{T-DSM} ανοιG3563{N-DSM} τσβδιαG1223{PREP} τσβτουG3588{T-GSM} τσβνοοςG3563{N-GSM} μουG3450{P-1GS} λαλησαιG2980{V-AAN} ιναG2443{CONJ} καιG2532{CONJ} αλλουςG243{A-APM} κατηχησωG2727{V-AAS-1S} ηG2228{PRT} μυριουςG3463{A-APM} λογουςG3056{N-APM} ενG1722{PREP} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} 20αδελφοιG80{N-VPM} μηG3361{PRT-N} παιδιαG3813{N-NPN} γινεσθεG1096{V-PNM-2P} ταιςG3588{T-DPF} φρεσινG5424{N-DPF} αλλαG235{CONJ} τηG3588{T-DSF} κακιαG2549{N-DSF} νηπιαζετεG3515{V-PAM-2P} ταιςG3588{T-DPF} δεG1161{CONJ} φρεσινG5424{N-DPF} τελειοιG5046{A-NPM} γινεσθεG1096{V-PNM-2P} 21ενG1722{PREP} τωG3588{T-DSM} νομωG3551{N-DSM} γεγραπταιG1125{V-RPI-3S} οτιG3754{CONJ} ενG1722{PREP} ετερογλωσσοιςG2084{A-DPM} καιG2532{CONJ} ενG1722{PREP} χειλεσινG5491{N-DPN} αετερωνG2087{A-GPM} τσβετεροιςG2087{A-DPN} λαλησωG2980{V-FAI-1S} τωG3588{T-DSM} λαωG2992{N-DSM} τουτωG5129{D-DSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ουδG3761{ADV} ουτωςG3779{ADV} εισακουσονταιG1522{V-FDI-3P} μουG3450{P-1GS} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} κυριοςG2962{N-NSM} 22ωστεG5620{CONJ} αιG3588{T-NPF} γλωσσαιG1100{N-NPF} ειςG1519{PREP} σημειονG4592{N-ASN} εισινG1526{V-PXI-3P} ουG3756{PRT-N} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} πιστευουσινG4100{V-PAP-DPM} αλλαG235{CONJ} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} απιστοιςG571{A-DPM} ηG3588{T-NSF} δεG1161{CONJ} προφητειαG4394{N-NSF} ουG3756{PRT-N} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} απιστοιςG571{A-DPM} αλλαG235{CONJ} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} πιστευουσινG4100{V-PAP-DPM} 23εανG1437{COND} ουνG3767{CONJ} συνελθηG4905{V-2AAS-3S} ηG3588{T-NSF} εκκλησιαG1577{N-NSF} οληG3650{A-NSF} επιG1909{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} αυτοG846{P-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} παντεςG3956{A-NPM} τσβγλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} λαλωσινG2980{V-PAS-3P} αγλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} εισελθωσινG1525{V-2AAS-3P} δεG1161{CONJ} ιδιωταιG2399{N-NPM} ηG2228{PRT} απιστοιG571{A-NPM} ουκG3756{PRT-N} ερουσινG2046{V-FAI-3P} οτιG3754{CONJ} μαινεσθεG3105{V-PNI-2P} 24εανG1437{COND} δεG1161{CONJ} παντεςG3956{A-NPM} προφητευωσινG4395{V-PAS-3P} εισελθηG1525{V-2AAS-3S} δεG1161{CONJ} τιςG5100{X-NSM} απιστοςG571{A-NSM} ηG2228{PRT} ιδιωτηςG2399{N-NAM} ελεγχεταιG1651{V-PPI-3S} υποG5259{PREP} παντωνG3956{A-GPM} ανακρινεταιG350{V-PPI-3S} υποG5259{PREP} παντωνG3956{A-GPM} 25τσβκαιG2532{CONJ} τσβουτωςG3779{ADV} ταG3588{T-NPN} κρυπταG2927{A-NPN} τηςG3588{T-GSF} καρδιαςG2588{N-GSF} αυτουG846{P-GSM} φανεραG5318{A-NPN} γινεταιG1096{V-PNI-3S} καιG2532{CONJ} ουτωςG3779{ADV} πεσωνG4098{V-2AAP-NSM} επιG1909{PREP} προσωπονG4383{N-ASN} προσκυνησειG4352{V-FAI-3S} τωG3588{T-DSM} θεωG2316{N-DSM} απαγγελλωνG518{V-PAP-NSM} οτιG3754{CONJ} αοντωςG3689{ADV} οG3588{T-NSM} θεοςG2316{N-NSM} τσβοντωςG3689{ADV} ενG1722{PREP} υμινG5213{P-2DP} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} 26τιG5101{I-NSN} ουνG3767{CONJ} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} αδελφοιG80{N-VPM} οτανG3752{CONJ} συνερχησθεG4905{V-PNS-2P} εκαστοςG1538{A-NSM} τσβυμωνG5216{P-2GP} ψαλμονG5568{N-ASM} εχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} διδαχηνG1322{N-ASF} εχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} τσβγλωσσανG1100{N-ASF} τσβεχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} αποκαλυψινG602{N-ASF} αεχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} αγλωσσανG1100{N-ASF} εχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} ερμηνειανG2058{N-ASF} εχειG2192{V-PAI-3S} πανταG3956{A-NPN} προςG4314{PREP} οικοδομηνG3619{N-ASF} αβγινεσθωG1096{V-PNM-3S} τσγενεσθωG1096{V-2ADM-3S} 27ειτεG1535{CONJ} γλωσσηG1100{N-DSF} τιςG5100{X-NSM} λαλειG2980{V-PAI-3S} καταG2596{PREP} δυοG1417{A-NUI} ηG2228{PRT} τοG3588{T-ASN} πλειστονG4118{A-ASN} τρειςG5140{A-NPM} καιG2532{CONJ} αναG303{PREP} μεροςG3313{N-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} ειςG1520{A-NSM} διερμηνευετωG1329{V-PAM-3S} 28εανG1437{COND} δεG1161{CONJ} μηG3361{PRT-N} ηG5600{V-PXS-3S} διερμηνευτηςG1328{N-NSM} σιγατωG4601{V-PAM-3S} ενG1722{PREP} εκκλησιαG1577{N-DSF} εαυτωG1438{F-3DSM} δεG1161{CONJ} λαλειτωG2980{V-PAM-3S} καιG2532{CONJ} τωG3588{T-DSM} θεωG2316{N-DSM} 29προφηταιG4396{N-NPM} δεG1161{CONJ} δυοG1417{A-NUI} ηG2228{PRT} τρειςG5140{A-NPM} λαλειτωσανG2980{V-PAM-3P} καιG2532{CONJ} οιG3588{T-NPM} αλλοιG243{A-NPM} διακρινετωσανG1252{V-PAM-3P} 30εανG1437{COND} δεG1161{CONJ} αλλωG243{A-DSM} αποκαλυφθηG601{V-APS-3S} καθημενωG2521{V-PNP-DSM} οG3588{T-NSM} πρωτοςG4413{A-NSM} σιγατωG4601{V-PAM-3S} 31δυνασθεG1410{V-PNI-2P} γαρG1063{CONJ} καθG2596{PREP} εναG1520{A-ASM} παντεςG3956{A-NPM} προφητευεινG4395{V-PAN} ιναG2443{CONJ} παντεςG3956{A-NPM} μανθανωσινG3129{V-PAS-3P} καιG2532{CONJ} παντεςG3956{A-NPM} παρακαλωνταιG3870{V-PPS-3P} 32καιG2532{CONJ} πνευματαG4151{N-NPN} προφητωνG4396{N-GPM} προφηταιςG4396{N-DPM} υποτασσεταιG5293{V-PPI-3S} 33ουG3756{PRT-N} γαρG1063{CONJ} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} ακαταστασιαςG181{N-GSF} οG3588{T-NSM} θεοςG2316{N-NSM} αβαλλαG235{CONJ} τσαλλG235{CONJ} ειρηνηςG1515{N-GSF} ωςG5613{ADV} ενG1722{PREP} πασαιςG3956{A-DPF} ταιςG3588{T-DPF} εκκλησιαιςG1577{N-DPF} τωνG3588{T-GPM} αγιωνG40{A-GPM} 34αιG3588{T-NPF} γυναικεςG1135{N-NPF} τσβυμωνG5216{P-2GP} ενG1722{PREP} ταιςG3588{T-DPF} εκκλησιαιςG1577{N-DPF} σιγατωσανG4601{V-PAM-3P} ουG3756{PRT-N} γαρG1063{CONJ} αεπιτρεπεταιG2010{V-PPI-3S} τσβεπιτετραπταιG2010{V-RPI-3S} αυταιςG846{P-DPF} λαλεινG2980{V-PAN} ααλλαG235{CONJ} τσβαλλG235{CONJ} αυποτασσεσθωσανG5293{V-PPM-3P} τσβυποτασσεσθαιG5293{V-PMN} καθωςG2531{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} νομοςG3551{N-NSM} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} 35ειG1487{COND} δεG1161{CONJ} τιG5100{X-NSN} μαθεινG3129{V-2AAN} θελουσινG2309{V-PAI-3P} ενG1722{PREP} οικωG3624{N-DSM} τουςG3588{T-APM} ιδιουςG2398{A-APM} ανδραςG435{N-APM} επερωτατωσανG1905{V-PAM-3P} αισχρονG150{A-NSN} γαρG1063{CONJ} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} αγυναικιG1135{N-DSF} αλαλεινG2980{V-PAN} τσβγυναιξινG1135{N-DPF} ενG1722{PREP} εκκλησιαG1577{N-DSF} τσβλαλεινG2980{V-PAN} 36ηG2228{PRT} αφG575{PREP} υμωνG5216{P-2GP} οG3588{T-NSM} λογοςG3056{N-NSM} τουG3588{T-GSM} θεουG2316{N-GSM} εξηλθενG1831{V-2AAI-3S} ηG2228{PRT} ειςG1519{PREP} υμαςG5209{P-2AP} μονουςG3441{A-APM} κατηντησενG2658{V-AAI-3S} 37ειG1487{COND} τιςG5100{X-NSM} δοκειG1380{V-PAI-3S} προφητηςG4396{N-NSM} ειναιG1511{V-PXN} ηG2228{PRT} πνευματικοςG4152{A-NSM} επιγινωσκετωG1921{V-PAM-3S} αG3739{R-APN} γραφωG1125{V-PAI-1S} υμινG5213{P-2DP} οτιG3754{CONJ} τστουG3588{T-GSM} κυριουG2962{N-GSM} αεστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} τσβεισινG1526{V-PXI-3P} αεντοληG1785{N-NSF} τσβεντολαιG1785{N-NPF} 38ειG1487{COND} δεG1161{CONJ} τιςG5100{X-NSM} αγνοειG50{V-PAI-3S} ααγνοειταιG50{V-PPI-3S} τσβαγνοειτωG50{V-PAM-3S} 39ωστεG5620{CONJ} αδελφοιG80{N-VPM} α[μου]G3450{P-1GS} ζηλουτεG2206{V-PAM-2P} τοG3588{T-ASN} προφητευεινG4395{V-PAN} καιG2532{CONJ} τοG3588{T-ASN} λαλεινG2980{V-PAN} τσβγλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} μηG3361{PRT-N} κωλυετεG2967{V-PAM-2P} αγλωσσαιςG1100{N-DPF} 40πανταG3956{A-NPN} αδεG1161{CONJ} ευσχημονωςG2156{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} καταG2596{PREP} ταξινG5010{N-ASF} γινεσθωG1096{V-PNM-3S}
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 SUPERIORITY OF PROPHECY OVER TONGUES. (1Co. 14:1-25)
Follow after charity--as your first and chief aim, seeing that it is "the greatest" (
1Cor 13:13).
and desire--Translate, "Yet (as a secondary aim) desire zealously (see on
1Cor 12:31) spiritual gifts."
but rather--"but chiefly that ye may prophesy" (speak and exhort under inspiration) (
Pro 29:18;
Acts 13:1;
1Thess 5:20), whether as to future events, that is, strict prophecy, or explaining obscure parts of Scripture, especially the prophetical Scriptures or illustrating and setting forth questions of Christian doctrine and practice. Our modern preaching is the successor of prophecy, but without the inspiration. Desire zealously this (prophecy) more than any other spiritual gift; or in preference to "tongues" (
1Cor 14:2, &c.) [BENGEL].
2 speaketh . . . unto God--who alone understands all languages.
no man understandeth--generally speaking; the few who have the gift of interpreting tongues are the exception.
in the spirit--as opposed to "the understanding" (
1Cor 14:14).
mysteries--unintelligible to the hearers, exciting their wonder, rather than instructing them. Corinth, being a mart resorted to by merchants from Asia, Africa, and Europe, would give scope amidst its mixed population for the exercise of the gift of tongues; but its legitimate use was in an audience understanding the tongue of the speaker, not, as the Corinthians abused it, in mere display.
3 But--on the other hand.
edification--of which the two principal species given are "exhortation" to remove sluggishness, "comfort" or consolation to remove sadness [BENGEL]. Omit "to."
4 edifieth himself--as he understands the meaning of what the particular "tongue" expresses; but "the church," that is, the congregation, does not.
5 Translate, "Now I wish you all to speak with tongues (so far am I from thus speaking through having any objection to tongues), but rather IN ORDER THAT (as my ulterior and higher wish for you) ye should prophesy." Tongues must therefore mean languages, not ecstatic, unintelligible rhapsodie (as NEANDER fancied): for Paul could never "wish" for the latter in their behalf.
greater--because more useful.
except he interpret--the unknown tongue which he speaks, "that the Church may receive edifying (building up)."
6 Translate, "But now"; seeing there is no edification without interpretation.
revelation . . . prophesying--corresponding one to the other; "revelation" being the supernatural unveiling of divine truths to man, "prophesying" the enunciation to men of such revelations. So "knowledge" corresponds to "doctrine," which is the gift of teaching to others our knowledge. As the former pair refers to specially revealed mysteries, so the latter pair refers to the general obvious truths of salvation, brought from the common storehouse of believers.
7 Translate, "And things without life-giving sound, whether pipe or harp, YET (notwithstanding their giving sound) if they give not a distinction in the tones (that is, notes) how?" &c.
what is piped or harped--that is, what tune is played on the pipe or harp.
8 Translate, "For if also," an additional step in the argument.
uncertain sound--having no definite meaning: whereas it ought to be so marked that one succession of notes on the trumpet should summon the soldiers to attack; another, to retreat; another, to some other evolution.
9 So . . . ye--who have life; as opposed to "things without life" (
1Cor 14:7).
by the tongue--the language which ye speak in.
ye shall speak--Ye will be speaking into the air, that is, in vain (
1Cor 9:26).
10 it may be--that is, perhaps, speaking by conjecture. "It may chance" (
1Cor 15:37).
so many--as may be enumerated by investigators of such matters. Compare "so much," used generally for a definite number left undefined (
Acts 5:8; also
2Sam 12:8).
kinds of voices--kinds of articulate speech.
without signification--without articulate voice (that is, distinct meaning). None is without its own voice, or mode of speech, distinct from the rest.
11 Therefore--seeing that none is without meaning.
a barbarian--a foreigner (
Acts 28:2). Not in the depreciatory sense as the term is now used, but one speaking a foreign language.
12 zealous--emulously desirous.
spiritual gifts--literally, "spirits"; that is, emanations from the one Spirit.
seek that ye may excel to--Translate, "Seek them, that ye may abound in them to the edifying," &c.
13 Explain, "Let him who speaketh with a tongue [unknown] in his prayer (or, when praying) strive that he may interpret" [ALFORD]. This explanation of "pray" is needed by its logical connection with "prayer in an unknown tongue" (
1Cor 14:14). Though his words be unintelligible to his hearers, let him in them pray that he may obtain the gift of interpreting, which will make them "edifying" to "the church" (
1Cor 14:12).
14 spirit--my higher being, the passive object of the Holy Spirit's operations, and the instrument of prayer in the unknown tongue, distinguished from the "understanding," the active instrument of thought and reasoning; which in this case must be "unfruitful" in edifying others, since the vehicle of expression is unintelligible to them. On the distinction of soul or mind and spirit, see
Eph 4:23;
Heb 4:12.
15 What is it then?--What is my determination thereupon?
and--rather as Greek, "but"; I will not only pray with my spirit, which (
1Cor 14:14) might leave the understanding unedified, BUT with the understanding also [ALFORD and ELLICOTT].
pray with the understanding also--and, by inference, I will keep silence altogether if I cannot pray with the understanding (so as to make myself understood by others). A prescient warning, mutatis mutandis, against the Roman and Greek practice of keeping liturgies in dead languages, which long since have become unintelligible to the masses; though their forefathers spoke them at a time when those liturgies were framed for general use.
16 Else . . . thou--He changes from the first person, as he had just expressed his own resolution, "I will pray with the understanding," whatever "thou" doest.
bless--the highest kind of prayer.
occupieth the room of the unlearned--one who, whatever other gifts he may possess, yet, as wanting the gift of interpretation, is reduced by the speaking in an unknown tongue to the position of one unlearned, or "a private person."
say Amen--Prayer is not a vicarious duty done by others for us; as in Rome's liturgies and masses. We must join with the leader of the prayers and praises of the congregation, and say aloud our responsive "Amen" in assent, as was the usage of the Jewish (
Deut 27:15-
Deut 27:26;
Neh 8:6) and Christian primitive churches [JUSTIN MARTYR, Apology, 2. 97].
17 givest thanks--The prayers of the synagogue were called "eulogies," because to each prayer was joined a thanksgiving. Hence the prayers of the Christian Church also were called blessings and giving of thanks. This illustrates
Col 4:2;
1Thess 5:17-18. So the Kaddisch and Keduscha, the synagogue formulć of "hallowing" the divine "name" and of prayer for the "coming of God's kingdom," answer to the Church's Lord's Prayer, repeated often and made the foundation on which the other prayers are built [TERTULLIAN, Prayer].
18 tongues--The oldest manuscripts have the singular, "in a tongue [foreign]."
19 I had rather--The Greek verb more literally expresses this meaning, "I WISH to speak five words with my understanding (rather) than ten thousand words in an unknown tongue"; even the two thousandth part of ten thousand. The Greek for "I would rather," would be a different verb. Paul would NOT wish at all to speak "ten thousand words in an unknown tongue."
20 Brethren--an appellation calculated to conciliate their favorable reception of his exhortation.
children in understanding--as preference of gifts abused to nonedification would make you (compare
1Cor 3:1;
Matt 10:16;
Rom 16:19;
Eph 4:14). The Greek for "understanding" expresses the will of one's spirit,
Rom 8:6 (it is not found elsewhere); as the "heart" is the will of the "soul." The same Greek is used for "minded" in
Rom 8:6.
men--full-grown. Be childlike, not childish.
21 In the law--as the whole Old Testament is called, being all of it the law of God. Compare the citation of the Psalms as the "law,"
John 10:34. Here the quotation is from
Isa 28:11-
Isa 28:12, where God virtually says of Israel, This people hear Me not, though I speak to. them in the language with which they are familiar; I will therefore speak to them in other tongues, namely, those of the foes whom I will send against them; but even then they will not hearken to Me; which Paul thus applies, Ye see that it is a penalty to be associated with men of a strange tongue, yet ye impose this on the Church [GROTIUS]; they who speak in foreign tongues are like "children" just "weaned from the milk" (
Isa 28:9), "with stammering lips" speaking unintelligibly to the hearers, appearing ridiculous (
Isa 28:14), or as babbling drunkards (
Acts 2:13), or madmen (
1Cor 14:23).
22 Thus from Isaiah it appears, reasons Paul, that "tongues" (unknown and uninterpreted) are not a sign mainly intended for believers (though at the conversion of Cornelius and the Gentiles with him, tongues were vouchsafed to him and them to confirm their faith), but mainly to be a condemnation to those, the majority, who, like Israel in Isaiah's day, reject the sign and the accompanying message. Compare "yet . . . will they not hear Me" (
1Cor 14:21). "Sign" is often used for a condemnatory sign (
Ezek 4:3-
Ezek 4:4;
Matt 12:39-
Matt 12:42). Since they will not understand, they shall not understand.
prophesying . . . not for them that believe not, but . . . believe--that is, prophesying has no effect on them that are radically and obstinately like Israel (
Isa 28:11-
Isa 28:12), unbelievers, but on them that are either in receptivity or in fact believers; it makes believers of those not wilfully unbelievers (
1Cor 14:24-25;
Rom 10:17), and spiritually nourishes those that already believe.
23 whole . . . all . . . tongues--The more there are assembled, and the more that speak in unknown tongues, the more will the impression be conveyed to strangers "coming in" from curiosity ("unbelievers"), or even from a better motive ("unlearned"), that the whole body of worshippers is a mob of fanatical "madmen"; and that "the Church is like the company of builders of Babel after the confusion of tongues, or like the cause tried between two deaf men before a deaf judge, celebrated in the Greek epigram" [GROTIUS].
unlearned--having some degree of faith, but not gifts [BENGEL].
24 all--one by one (
1Cor 14:31).
prophesy--speak the truth by the Spirit intelligibly, and not in unintelligible tongues.
one--"anyone." Here singular; implying that this effect, namely, conviction by all, would be produced on anyone, who might happen to enter. In
1Cor 14:23 the plural is used; "unlearned or unbelievers"; implying that however many there might be, not one would profit by the tongues; yea, their being many would confirm them in rejecting the sign, as many unbelieving men together strengthen one another in unbelief; individuals are more easily won [BENGEL].
convinced--convicted in conscience; said of the "one that believeth not" (
John 16:8-
John 16:9).
judged--His secret character is opened out. "Is searched into" [ALFORD]. Said of the "one unlearned" (compare
1Cor 2:15).
25 And thus--omitted in the oldest manuscripts and versions.
secrets of his heart made manifest--He sees his own inner character opened out by the sword of the Spirit (
Heb 4:12;
Jas 1:23), the word of God, in the hand of him who prophesieth. Compare the same effect produced on Nebuchadnezzar (
Dan 2:30 and end of
Dan 2:47). No argument is stronger for the truth of religion than its manifestation of men to themselves in their true character. Hence hearers even now often think the preacher must have aimed his sermon particularly at them.
and so--convicted at last, judged, and manifested to himself. Compare the effect on the woman of Samaria produced by Jesus' unfolding of her character to herself (
John 4:19,
John 4:29).
and report--to his friends at home, as the woman of Samaria did. Rather, as the Greek is, "He will worship God, announcing," that is, openly avowing then and there, "that God is in you of a truth," and by implication that the God who is in you is of a truth the God.
26 RULES FOR THE EXERCISE OF GIFTS IN THE CONGREGATION. (
1Cor 14:26-40)
How is it then?--rather, "What then is the true rule to be observed as to the use of gifts?" Compare
1Cor 14:15, where the same Greek occurs.
a psalm--extemporary, inspired by the Spirit, as that of Mary, Zechariah, Simeon, and Anna (
Luke 1:46-
Luke 1:55,
Luke 1:67-
Luke 1:79;
Luke 2:34-
Luke 2:38).
a doctrine--to impart and set forth to the congregation.
a tongue . . . a revelation--The oldest manuscripts transpose the order: "revelation . . . tongue"; "interpretation" properly following "tongue" (
1Cor 14:13).
Let all things be done unto edifying--The general rule under which this particular case fails; an answer to the question at the beginning of this verse. Each is bound to obey the ordinances of his church not adverse to Scripture. See Article XXXIV, Church of England Prayer Book.
27 let it be by two--at each time, in one assembly; not more than two or three might speak with tongues at each meeting.
by course--in turns.
let one interpret--one who has the gift of interpreting tongues; and not more than one.
28 let him--the speaker in unknown tongues.
speak to himself, and to God--(compare
1Cor 14:2,
1Cor 14:4) --privately and not in the hearing of others.
29 two or three--at one meeting (he does not add "at the most," as in
1Cor 14:27, lest he should seem to "quench prophesyings," the most edifying of gifts), and these "one by one," in turn (
1Cor 14:27, "by course," and
1Cor 14:31). Paul gives here similar rules to the prophets, as previously to those speaking in unknown tongues.
judge--by their power of "discerning spirits" (
1Cor 12:10), whether the person prophesying was really speaking under the influence of the Spirit (compare
1Cor 12:3;
1John 4:13).
30 If any thing--Translate, "But if any thing."
another that sitteth by--a hearer.
let the first hold his peace--Let him who heretofore spoke, and who came to the assembly furnished with a previous ordinary (in those times) revelation from God (
1Cor 14:26), give place to him who at the assembly is moved to prophesy by a sudden revelation from the Spirit.
31 For ye may--rather, "For ye can [if ye will] all prophesy one by one," giving way to one another. The "for" justifies the precept (
1Cor 14:30), "let the first hold his peace."
32 And--following up the assertion in
1Cor 14:31, "Ye can (if ye will) prophesy one by one," that is, restrain yourselves from speaking all together; "and the spirits of the prophets," that is, their own spirits, acted on by the Holy Spirit, are not so hurried away by His influence, as to cease to be under their own control; they can if they will hear others, and not demand that they alone should be heard uttering communications from God.
33 In all the churches of the saints God is a God of peace; let Him not among you be supposed to be a God of confusion [ALFORD]. Compare the same argument in
1Cor 11:16. LACHMANN and others put a full stop at "peace," and connect the following words thus: "As in all churches of the saints, let your women keep silence in your churches."
34 (
1Tim 2:11-12). For women to speak in public would be an act of independence, as if they were not subject to their husbands (compare
1Cor 11:3;
Eph 5:22;
Titus 2:5;
1Pet 3:1). For "under obedience," translate, "in subjection" or "submission," as the Greek is translated (
Eph 5:21-
Eph 5:22,
Eph 5:24).
the law--a term applied to the whole Old Testament; here,
Gen 3:16.
35 Anticipation of an objection. Women may say, "But if we do not understand something, may we not 'ask' a question publicly so as to 'learn'? Nay, replies Paul, if you want information, 'ask' not in public, but 'at home'; ask not other men, but 'your own particular (so the Greek) husbands.'"
shame--indecorous.
36 What!--Greek, "Or." Are you about to obey me? Or, if you set up your judgment above that of other churches. I wish to know, do you pretend that your church is the first church FROM which the gospel word came, that you should give the law to all others? Or are you the only persons In, fro whom it has come?
37 prophet--the species.
spiritual--the genus: spiritually endowed. The followers of Apollos prided themselves as "spiritual" (
1Cor 3:1-3; compare
Gal 6:1). Here one capable of discerning spirits is specially meant.
things that I write . . . commandments of the Lord--a direct assertion of inspiration. Paul's words as an apostle are Christ's words. Paul appeals not merely to one or two, but to a body of men, for the reality of three facts about which no body of men could possibly be mistaken: (1) that his having converted them was not due to mere eloquence, but to the "demonstration of the Spirit and of power"; (2) that part of this demonstration consisted in the communication of miraculous power, which they were then exercising so generally as to require to be corrected in the irregular employment of it; (3) that among these miraculous gifts was one which enabled the "prophet" or "spiritual person" to decide whether Paul's Epistle was Scripture or not. He could not have written so, unless the facts were notoriously true: for he takes them for granted, as consciously known by the whole body of men whom he addresses [HINDS, On Inspiration].
38 if any man be ignorant--wilfully; not wishing to recognize these ordinances and my apostolic authority in enjoining them.
let him be ignorant--I leave him to his ignorance: it will be at his own peril; I feel it a waste of words to speak anything further to convince him. An argument likely to have weight with the Corinthians, who admired "knowledge" so much.
39 covet--earnestly desire. Stronger than "forbid not"; marking how much higher he esteemed "prophecy" than "tongues."
40 Let, &c.--The oldest manuscripts read, "But let," &c. This verse is connected with
1Cor 14:39, "But (while desiring prophecy, and not forbidding tongues) let all things be done decently." "Church government is the best security for Christian liberty" [J. NEWTON]. (Compare
1Cor 14:23,
1Cor 14:26-33).
Display settings
S+MStrong's number and morphology hide!
SStrong's number hide!
MMorphology hide!
中國詞典Use Chinese Dictionary
