1Hospodin oslovil Jeremiáše podruhé, když byl ještě zavřen ve vězeňském dvoře: 2Tak praví Hospodin, který učinil zemi, dal jí tvar a pevný základ, Hospodin je jeho jméno: 3Volej mě a odpovím ti, zvěstuji ti veliké a skryté věci, které neznáš. 4Neboť tak praví Hospodin, Bůh Izraele, o domech tohoto města, o domech judských králů, které budou zbořeny, o náspech… 5... plných mrtvol lidí, které jsem pobil ve svém rozjitřeném hněvu, když jsem odvrátil svou tvář od tohoto města pro všecku jeho špatnost. 6Vyhojím jejich jizvy a uzdravím jejich rány, vyléčím je a otevřu jim hojnost stálého pokoje. 7Změním osudy Judy i Izraele a zbuduji je jako na začátku. 8Očistím je ode všech jejich nepravostí, kterými proti mně hřešili, odpustím jim všechny nepravosti, kterými se provinili proti mně, když ode mě odpadli. 9Jeruzalém se stane radostí, slávou a ctí všem národům země, kteří uslyší o všem dobru, které jim prokážu; v pohnutí užasnou nad veškerým tím dobrem a blahem, které jim způsobím. 10Tak praví Hospodin: Zase bude slyšet na tomto místě, o kterém říkáte, že je pusté, protože tu není člověk ani zvíře, v judských městech i na zpustošených jeruzalémských ulicích bez člověka, bez obyvatele, bez zvířete - 11zase bude slyšet hlas radosti i hlas veselí, hlas ženicha i hlas nevěsty, hlas volajících: Oslavujte Hospodina zástupů, neboť Hospodin je dobrý, jeho milosrdenství trvá navěky! Přinesou děkovné oběti do Hospodinova domu, neboť změním osud této země, že bude jako byla dříve, oznamuje Hospodin. 12Tak praví Hospodin zástupů: Ještě bude na tomto pustém místě bez lidí a bez dobytka i ve všech jeho městech pastvisko pastýřů, kteří popřejí stádům odpočinek. 13V městech na horách i na Šefele, v městech Negebu, v Benjaminově území, v jeruzalémském okolí i v judských městech ještě budou procházet stáda pod rukou toho, kdo je počítá, praví Hospodin. 14Hle, blíží se dni – praví Hospodin – kdy splním sliby, které jsem dal o Izraelovu a o Judovu domu. 15V ty dny, za toho času vzbudím Davidovi zákonitý výhonek, který bude uskutečňovat právo a spravedlnost na zemi. 16Za těch dnů dojde Juda spásy a Jeruzalém bude bydlet v bezpečí. To je jméno, kterým ho budou nazývat: „Hospodin je naše spravedlnost“. 17Tak praví Hospodin: Vždy zůstane někdo Davidovi, kdo bude sedět na trůně Izraelova domu. 18Vždy zůstane někdo z kněží a levitů, kdo bude přede mnou obětovat celopaly, pálit oběti, zabíjet žertvy po všechny dni. 19Hospodin oslovil Jeremiáše: 20Tak praví Hospodin: Kdyby mohla být zrušena má smlouva se dnem a má smlouva s nocí, aby nebyl den ani noc v jejich čase, 21tak by mohla být zrušena i má smlouva s Davidem, mým služebníkem, aby už neměl syna, který by kraloval na jeho trůně, i má smlouva s levity kněžími, mými služebníky. 22Jako nemohou být spočítány nebeské hvězdy ani změřen mořský písek, tak rozmnožím potomstvo Davida, svého služebníka, i levity, své služebníky. 23Hospodin oslovil Jeremiáše: 24Nepozoroval jsi, co říkají tito lidé: Hospodin zavrhl obojí plémě, které si vyvolil? Pohrdají mým lidem, jako by v jejich očích již nebyl národem. 25Tak praví Hospodin: Jestliže jsem neuzavřel smlouvu se dnem a nocí a nestanovil zákony pro nebe a zemi, 26pak zavrhnu i potomstvo Jakuba a Davida, svého služebníka, že nebudu brát z jeho potomstva panovníky nad Abrahámovým, Izákovým a Jakubovým potomstvem; ano, změním jejich osud a smiluji se nad nimi.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 PROPHECY OF THE RESTORATION FROM BABYLON, AND OF MESSIAH AS KING AND PRIEST. (Jer. 33:1-26)
shut up-- (
Jer 32:2-
Jer 32:3;
2Tim 2:9). Though Jeremiah was shut up in bondage, the word of God was "not bound."
2 maker thereof--rather, "the doer of it," namely, that which Jeremiah is about to prophesy, the restoration of Israel, an act which is thought now impossible, but which the Almighty will effect.
formed it--namely, Jerusalem (
Jer 32:44) [CALVIN]. Rather, "that formed," that is, moulds His purpose into due shape for execution (
Isa 37:26).
Lord . . . his name-- (
Exod 3:14-
Exod 3:15).
3 Call . . . I will answer-- (
Jer 29:12;
Ps 91:15). Jeremiah, as the representative of the people of God, is urged by God to pray for that which God has determined to grant; namely, the restoration. God's promises are not to slacken, but to quicken the prayers of His people (
Ps 132:13,
Ps 132:17;
Isa 62:6-
Isa 62:7).
mighty things--Hebrew, "inaccessible things," that is, incredible, hard to man's understanding [MAURER], namely, the restoration of the Jews, an event despaired of. "Hidden," or "recondite" [PISCATOR].
thou knowest not--Yet God had revealed those things to Jeremiah, but the unbelief of the people in rejecting the grace of God had caused him to forget God's promise, as though the case of the people admitted of no remedy.
4 houses . . . thrown down by the mounts--namely, by the missiles cast from the besiegers' mounds (
Jer 32:24); "and by the sword" follows properly, as, after missiles had prepared the way, the foe next advanced to close quarters "with the sword."
5 They--the Jews; the defenders of the "houses" (
Jer 33:4), "come forward to fight with the Chaldeans," who burst into the city through the "thrown-down houses," but all the effect that they produce "is, to fill them (the houses) with their own "dead bodies."
6 (
Jer 30:17). The answer to Jeremiah's mournful question (
Jer 8:22).
cure--literally, the long linen bandage employed in dressing wounds.
truth--that is, stability; I will bring forth for them abundant and permanent peace, that is, prosperity.
7 cause . . . to return--that is, reverse (
Jer 33:11;
Jer 32:44). The specification, both of "Judah" and "Israel," can only apply fully to the future restoration.
as at the first-- (
Isa 1:26).
8 cleanse-- (
Ezek 36:25;
Zech 13:1;
Heb 9:13-
Heb 9:14). Alluding to the legal rites of purification.
all their iniquity . . . all their iniquities--both the principle of sin within, and its outward manifestations in acts. The repetition is in order that the Jews may consider how great is the grace of God in not merely pardoning (as to the punishment), but also cleansing them (as to the pollution of guilt); not merely one iniquity, but all (
Mic 7:18).
9 it--the city.
a name . . . a praise-- (
Jer 13:11;
Isa 62:7).
them--the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
they shall fear . . . for all the goodness-- (
Ps 130:4). The Gentiles shall be led to "fear" God by the proofs of His power displayed in behalf of the Jews; the ungodly among them shall "tremble" for fear of God's judgments on them; the penitent shall reverentially fear and be converted to Him (
Ps 102:15;
Isa 60:3).
10 ye say . . . desolate-- (
Jer 32:43).
11 (
Jer 7:34;
Jer 16:9).
Praise the Lord, &c.--the words of
Ps 136:1, which were actually used by the Jews at their restoration (
Ezra 3:11).
sacrifice of praise-- (
Ps 107:22;
Ps 116:17). This shall continue when all other sacrifices shall be at an end.
12 habitation of shepherds . . . flocks--in contrast to
Jer 33:10, "without man . . . inhabitant . . . without beast" (
Jer 32:43; compare
Jer 31:24;
Jer 50:19;
Isa 65:10).
13 pass . . . under . . . hands of him that telleth them--Shepherds, in sending forth and bringing back their sheep to the folds, count them by striking each as it passes with a rod, implying the shepherd's provident care that not one should be lost (
Lev 27:32;
Mic 7:14; compare
John 10:28-
John 10:29;
John 17:12).
14 perform--"I will make to rise"; God's promise having for a time seemed to "lie" dead and abortive [CALVIN].
15 Repeated from
Jer 23:5.
the land--the Holy Land: Israel and Judah (
Jer 23:6).
16 Jerusalem--In
Jer 23:6, instead of this, it is "Israel." "The name" in the Hebrew has here to be supplied from that passage; and for "he" (Messiah, the antitypical "Israel"), the antecedent there (
Isa 49:3), we have "she" here, that is, Jerusalem. She is called by the same name as Messiah, "The Lord Our Righteousness," by virtue of the mystical oneness between her (as the literal representative of the spiritual Church) and her Lord and Husband. Thus, whatever belongs to the Head belongs also to the members (
Eph 5:30,
Eph 5:32). Hence, the Church is called "Christ" (
Rom 16:7;
1Cor 12:12). The Church hereby professes to draw all her righteousness from Christ (
Isa 45:24-
Isa 45:25). It is for the sake of Jerusalem, literal and spiritual, that God the Father gives this name (Jehovah, Tsidkenu, "The Lord our Righteousness") to Christ.
17 The promises of perpetuity of the throne of David fulfilled in Messiah, the son of David (
2Sam 7:16;
1Kgs 2:4;
Ps 89:4,
Ps 89:29,
Ps 89:36; compare
Luke 1:32-
Luke 1:33).
18 Messiah's literal priesthood (
Heb 7:17,
Heb 7:21,
Heb 7:24-
Heb 7:28), and His followers' spiritual priesthood and sacrifices (
Jer 33:11;
Rom 12:1;
Rom 15:16;
1Pet 2:5,
1Pet 2:9;
Rev 1:6), shall never cease, according to the covenant with Levi, broken by the priests, but fulfilled by Messiah (
Num 25:12-
Num 25:13;
Mal 2:4-
Mal 2:5,
Mal 2:8).
20 covenant of the day--that is, covenant with the day: answering to "covenant with David" (
Jer 33:21, also
Jer 33:25, "with day"; compare
Jer 31:35-
Jer 31:36;
Lev 26:42;
Ps 89:34,
Ps 89:37).
22 (
Gen 15:5;
Gen 22:17). The blessing there promised belonged to all the tribes; here it is restricted to the family of David and the tribe of Levi, because it was on these that the welfare of the whole people rested. When the kingdom and priesthood flourish in the person of Messiah, the whole nation shall temporally and spiritually prosper.
24 this people--certain of the Jews, especially those who spoke with Jeremiah in the court of the prison (
Jer 32:12;
Jer 38:1).
the two families--Judah and Israel.
before them--in their judgment. They suppose that I have utterly cast off Israel so as to he no more a nation. The expression, "My people," of itself, shows God has not cast off Israel for ever.
25 (
Jer 31:35-
Jer 31:36;
Gen 8:22;
Ps 74:16-
Ps 74:17). I who have established the laws of nature am the same God who has made a covenant with the Church.
26 Isaac-- (
Ps 105:9;
Amos 7:9,
Amos 7:16).
The prophecy (
Jer 34:1-
Jer 34:7) as to Zedekiah is an amplification of that in
Jer 32:1-
Jer 32:5, in consequence of which Jeremiah was then shut up in the court of the prison. The prophecy (
Jer 34:8-
Jer 34:22) refers to the Jews, who, afraid of the capture of the city, had, in obedience to the law, granted freedom to their servants at the end of seven years, but on the intermission of the siege forced them back into bondage.