1Třetího pak dne stala se svadba v Káni Galilejské, a byla matka Ježíšova tam. 2A pozván jest také Ježíš i učedlníci jeho na tu svadbu. 3Když se pak nedostalo vína, řekla matka Ježíšova jemu: Vína nemají. 4Dí jí Ježíš: Co mně a tobě ženo? Ještě nepřišla hodina má. 5Dí matka jeho služebníkům: Což by koli vám řekl, učiňte. 6I bylo tu kamenných stoudví šest postaveno, podlé očišťování Židovského, beroucí v sebe jedna každá dvě neb tři míry. 7Řekl jim Ježíš: Naplňte ty stoudve vodou. I naplnili je až do vrchu. 8I dí jim: Nalévejtež již, a neste vrchnímu správci svadby. I nesli. 9A jakž okusil vrchní správce svadby té vody, vínem učiněné, (nevěděl pak, odkud by bylo, ale služebníci věděli, kteříž vážili vodu), povolal ženicha ten vrchní správce, 10A řekl mu: Každý člověk nejprvé dobré víno dává, a když by se hojně napili, tedy to, kteréž horší. Ty zachoval jsi víno dobré až dosavad. 11To učinil Ježíš počátek divů v Káni Galilejské, a zjevil slávu svou. I uvěřili v něho učedlníci jeho. 12Potom sstoupil do Kafarnaum, on i matka jeho, i bratří jeho, i učedlníci jeho, a pobyli tam nemnoho dní; 13Nebo blízko byla velikanoc Židovská. I vstoupil Ježíš do Jeruzaléma. 14A nalezl v chrámě prodavače volů a ovec i holubic, a penězoměnce sedící. 15A udělav bič z provázků, všecky vyhnal z chrámu, i ovce i voly, a penězoměncům rozsypal peníze, a stoly zpřevracel. 16A těm, kteříž holuby prodávali, řekl: Odneste tyto věci odsud, a nečiňte domu Otce mého domem kupeckým. 17I rozpomenuli se učedlníci jeho, že psáno jest: Horlivost domu tvého snědla mne. 18Tedy odpověděli Židé a řekli jemu: Jaké znamení nám ukážeš, že tyto věci činíš? 19Odpověděl Ježíš a řekl jim: Zrušte chrám tento, a ve třech dnech zase vzdělám jej. 20I řekli Židé: Čtyřidceti a šest let dělán jest chrám tento, a ty ve třech dnech vzděláš jej? 21Ale on mluvil o chrámu těla svého. 22A protož když z mrtvých vstal, rozpomenuli se učedlníci jeho, že jim to byl pověděl. I uvěřili písmu a slovu, kteréž pověděl Ježíš. 23A když byl v Jeruzalémě na velikunoc v den sváteční, mnozí uvěřili ve jméno jeho, vidouce divy jeho, kteréž činil. 24Ale Ježíš nesvěřil sebe samého jim, proto že on znal všecky. 25Aniž potřeboval, aby kdo svědectví vydával o člověku; nebo on věděl, co by bylo v člověku.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 FIRST MIRACLE, WATER MADE WINE--BRIEF VISIT TO CAPERNAUM. (
John 2:1-
John 2:12)
third day--He would take two days to reach Galilee, and this was the third.
mother there--it being probably some relative's marriage. John never names her [BENGEL].
3 no wine--evidently expecting some display of His glory, and hinting that now was His time.
4 Woman--no term of disrespect in the language of that day (
John 19:26).
what . . . to do with thee--that is, "In my Father's business I have to do with Him only." It was a gentle rebuke for officious interference, entering a region from which all creatures were excluded (compare
Acts 4:19-
Acts 4:20).
mine hour, &c.--hinting that He would do something, but at His own time; and so she understood it (
John 2:5).
6 firkins--about seven and a half gallons in Jewish, or nine in Attic measure; each of these huge water jars, therefore, holding some twenty or more gallons, for washings at such feasts (
Mark 7:4).
7 Fill . . . draw . . . bear--directing all, but Himself touching nothing, to prevent all appearance of collusion.
9 well drunk--"drunk abundantly" (as
Song 5:1), speaking of the general practice.
10 the good wine . . . until now--thus testifying, while ignorant of the source of supply, not only that it was real wine, but better than any at the feast.
11 manifested forth his glory--Nothing in the least like this is said of the miracles of prophet or apostle, nor could without manifest blasphemy be said of any mere creature. Observe, (1) At a marriage Christ made His first public appearance in any company, and at a marriage He wrought His first miracle--the noblest sanction that could be given to that God-given institution. (2) As the miracle did not make bad good, but good better, so Christianity only redeems, sanctifies, and ennobles the beneficent but abused institution of marriage; and Christ's whole work only turns the water of earth into the wine of heaven. Thus "this beginning of miracles" exhibited the character and "manifested forth the glory" of His entire Mission. (3) As Christ countenanced our seasons of festivity, so also that greater fulness which befits such; so far was He from encouraging that asceticism which has since been so often put for all religion. (4) The character and authority ascribed by Romanists to the Virgin is directly in the teeth of this and other scriptures.
12 Capernaum--on the Sea of Galilee. (See on
Matt 9:1).
his mother and his brethren--(See on
Luke 2:51, and
Matt 13:54-
Matt 13:56).
14 CHRIST'S FIRST PASSOVER--FIRST CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE. (
John 2:13-
John 2:25)
in the temple--not the temple itself, as
John 2:19-
John 2:21, but the temple-court.
sold oxen, &c.--for the convenience of those who had to offer them in sacrifice.
changers of money--of Roman into Jewish money, in which the temple dues (see on
Matt 17:24) had to be paid.
15 small cords--likely some of the rushes spread for bedding, and when twisted used to tie up the cattle there collected. "Not by this slender whip but by divine majesty was the ejection accomplished, the whip being but a sign of the scourge of divine anger" [GROTIUS].
poured out . . . overthrew--thus expressing the mingled indignation and authority of the impulse.
16 my Father's house--How close the resemblance of these remarkable words to
Luke 2:49; the same consciousness of intrinsic relation to the temple--as the seat of His Father's most august worship, and so the symbol of all that is due to Him on earth--dictating both speeches. Only, when but a youth, with no authority, He was simply "a SON IN His own house"; now He was "a SON OVER His own house" (
Heb 3:6), the proper Representative, and in flesh "the Heir," of his Father's rights.
house of merchandise--There was nothing wrong in the merchandise; but to bring it, for their own and others' convenience, into that most sacred place, was a high-handed profanation which the eye of Jesus could not endure.
17 eaten me up--a glorious feature in the predicted character of the suffering Messiah (
Ps 69:9), and rising high even in some not worthy to loose the latchet of His shoes. (
Exod 32:19, &c.).
18 What sign showest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?--Though the act and the words of Christ, taken together, were sign enough, they were unconvinced: yet they were awed, and though at His very next appearance at Jerusalem they "sought to kill Him" for speaking of "His Father" just as He did now (
John 5:18), they, at this early stage, only ask a sign.
19 Destroy this temple, &c.--(See on
Mark 14:58-
Mark 14:59).
20 Forty and six years--From the eighteenth year of Herod till then was just forty-six years [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 15.11.1].
21 temple of his body--in which was enshrined the glory of the eternal Word. (See on
John 1:14). By its resurrection the true Temple of God upon earth was reared up, of which the stone one was but a shadow; so that the allusion is not quite exclusively to Himself, but takes in that Temple of which He is the foundation, and all believers are the "lively stones." (
1Pet 2:4-5).
22 believed the scripture--on this subject; that is, what was meant, which was hid from them till then. Mark (1) The act by which Christ signalized His first public appearance in the Temple. Taking "His fan in His hand, He purges His floor," not thoroughly indeed, but enough to foreshadow His last act towards that faithless people--to sweep them out of God's house. (2) The sign of His authority to do this is the announcement, at this first outset of His ministry, of that coming death by their hands, and resurrection by His own, which were to pave the way for their judicial ejection.
23 in the feast day--the foregoing things occurring probably before the feast began.
many believed--superficially, struck merely by "the miracles He did." Of these we have no record.
24 did not commit--"entrust," or let Himself down familiarly to them, as to His genuine disciples.
25 knew what was in man--It is impossible for language more clearly to assert of Christ what in
Jer 17:9-
Jer 17:10, and elsewhere, is denied of all mere creatures.