1Potom jsme se dali cestou k Bašanu a vystoupili jsme k němu. Král Bašanu Og se vším svým lidem nám pochodoval vstříc, aby s námi v Edrej bojoval. 2Jahve mi řekl: „Neboj se ho, protože jsem ti vydal do rukou jeho, všechen jeho lid i jeho zemi. Naložíš s ním, jako jsi naložil s amoritským králem Sichonem, který bydlí v Chešbonu.“ 3Jahve, náš Bůh, nám vydal do rukou rovněž krále Bašanu Oga a všechen jeho lid. Porazili jsme je tak, že nám ani jeden neunikl. 4V té době jsme se potom zmocnili všech jeho měst; nebylo města, jehož bychom jim nebyli odňali: šedesát měst, celý argobský svaz, Ogovo království v Bašanu, 5všechna opevněná města obehnaná vysokými hradbami a opatřená branami a závorami; a to nepočítám velmi četná města Perizitů. 6Postihli jsme je klatbou, jako jsme to udělali chešbonskému králi Sichonovi, a vydali jsme klatbě všechna ta města ženatých mužů, ženy i děti; 7ale všechen dobytek a všechno, co z těch měst bylo ukořistěno, se stalo naší kořistí. 8Takto jsme tenkrát oběma amoritským králům z druhého břehu Jordánu odňali zemi od potoka Arnonu až k hoře Hermonu 9(Sidoňané nazývají Hermon Sirjon, Amorité mu říkají Senir): 10všechna města Náhorní roviny, celý Galaad a celý Bašan až k Ogovým hlavním městům v Bašanu Salce a Edrej. 11(Ten Og, král Bašanu, byl posledním potomkem Refaitů: jeho lože je ono železné lože, jež lze vidět v Rabě Amonitů, je dlouhé devět loket a široké čtyři, počítáno podle mužského lokte.) 12Tehdy jsme převzali tu zemi od Aroeru na potoce Arnonu. Polovinu pohoří Galaadu i s jeho městy jsem dal Rubenovcům a Gadovcům. 13Polovině Manasesova kmene jsem dal zbytek Galaadu a celé Ogovo království, Bašan. (Celý argobský svaz, celý Bašan, to, co se nazývá zemí Refaitů. 14Manasesův syn Jair se zmocnil celého argobského svazu až k hranicím Gešurovců a Maakatovců a až do dneška jej - ten Bašan - pojmenoval svým jménem: „Jairovy stanové vesnice“.) 15Makirovi jsem dal Galaad. 16Od Galaadu až k potoku Arnonu, to jsem dal Rubenovcům a Gadovcům, střed tohoto potoka přitom vyznačuje hranici, a až k Jaboku, tento potok přitom vyznačuje hranici s Amonity. 17Araba a Jordán sloužily jako hranice od Kineretu až k moři u Araby (Slanému moři) na úpatí svahů Pisgy, směrem na východ. 18Tehdy jsem vám dal tento příkaz: „Jahve, váš Bůh, vám dal do majetku tuto zemi. Přejděte ve zbroji před svými bratry, Izraelity, přede všemi bojovníky; 19jenom vaše ženy, vaše děti a vaše stáda (neboť vím, že máte početná stáda) zůstanou ve městech, která jsem vám dal, 20dokud Jahve nedopřeje oddechu vašim bratrům tak jako vám a dokud i oni nebudou vlastnit zemi, kterou jim dává Jahve, váš Bůh, na druhé straně Jordánu; potom se každý vrátíte ke svému majetku, jejž jsem vám dal.“ 21Tehdy jsem dal Jozuovi tento příkaz: „Vidíš na vlastní oči všechno, co Jahve, náš Bůh, udělal oběma těm králům; stejně naloží Jahve i se všemi královstvími, jimiž budeš procházet. 22Nebudete se jich vůbec bát: bojuje za vás Jahve, váš Bůh.“ 23Tehdy jsem Jahva požádal o jednu milost: 24„Můj Pane, Jahve, ty, jenž jsi počal svému služebníkovi ukazovat svou velikost a mocnou ruku, jež... Který bůh na nebi a na zemi jedná, jako jednáš ty, a s touž mocí? 25Nemohl bych tam přejít a spatřit onu šťastnou zemi na druhé straně Jordánu, ono šťastné pohoří a Libanon?“ 26Ale Jahve se kvůli vám na mne rozhněval a vůbec mě nevyslyšel. Řekl mi: „Dost! Dál už se mnou o tom nemluv! 27Vystup na vrcholek Pisgy, rozhlédni se na západ, na sever, na jih a na východ; podívej se na vlastní oči, neboť ty ten Jordán nepřekročíš. 28Vydej příkazy Jozuovi, posilni ho, utvrď ho, neboť v čele tohoto lidu přejde on; na něm je, aby je uvedl do vlastnictví země, kterou uvidíš.“ 29Potom jsme zůstali v údolí naproti Bet-Peoru.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 CONQUEST OF OG, KING OF BASHAN. (Deu. 3:1-20)
we turned, and went up the way to Bashan--Bashan ("fruitful" or "flat"), now El-Bottein, lay situated to the north of Gilead and extended as far as Hermon. It was a rugged mountainous country, valuable however for its rich and luxuriant pastures.
Og the king of Bashan came out against us--Without provocation, he rushed to attack the Israelites, either disliking the presence of such dangerous neighbors, or burning to avenge the overthrow of his friends and allies.
2 The Lord said unto me, Fear him not: for I will deliver him, and all his people, and his land, into thy hand--Og's gigantic appearance and the formidable array of forces he will bring to the field, need not discourage you; for, belonging to a doomed race, he is destined to share the fate of Sihon [
Num 21:25].
3 Argob was the capital of a district in Bashan of the same name, which, together with other fifty-nine cities in the same province, were conspicuous for their lofty and fortified walls. It was a war of extermination. Houses and cities were razed to the ground; all classes of people were put to the sword; and nothing was saved but the cattle, of which an immense amount fell as spoil into the hands of the conquerors. Thus, the two Amorite kings and the entire population of their dominions were extirpated. The whole country east of the Jordan--first upland downs from the torrent of the Arnon on the south to that of the Jabbok on the north; next the high mountain tract of Gilead and Bashan from the deep ravine of Jabbok--became the possession of the Israelites.
9 Hermon--now Jebel-Es-Sheick--the majestic hill on which the long and elevated range of Anti-Lebanon terminates. Its summit and the ridges on its sides are almost constantly covered with snow. It is not so much one high mountain as a whole cluster of mountain peaks, the highest in Palestine. According to the survey taken by the English Government Engineers in 1840, they were about 9376 feet above the sea. Being a mountain chain, it is no wonder that it should have received different names at different points from the different tribes which lay along the base--all of them designating extraordinary height: Hermon, the lofty peak; "Sirion," or in an abbreviated form "Sion" (
Deut 4:48), the upraised, glittering; "Shenir," the glittering breastplate of ice.
11 only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants--literally, "of Rephaim." He was not the last giant, but the only living remnant in the trans-jordanic country (
Josh 15:14), of a certain gigantic race, supposed to be the most ancient inhabitants of Palestine.
behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron--Although beds in the East are with the common people nothing more than a simple mattress, bedsteads are not unknown. They are in use among the great, who prefer them of iron or other metals, not only for strength and durability, but for the prevention of the troublesome insects which in warm climates commonly infest wood. Taking the cubit at half a yard, the bedstead of Og would measure thirteen and a half feet, so that as beds are usually a little larger than the persons who occupy them, the stature of the Amorite king may be estimated at about eleven or twelve feet; or he might have caused his bed to be made much larger than was necessary, as Alexander the Great did for each of his foot soldiers, to impress the Indians with an idea of the extraordinary strength and stature of his men [LE CLERC]. But how did Og's bedstead come to be in Rabbath, of the children of Ammon? In answer to this question, it has been said, that Og had, on the eve of engagement, conveyed it to Rabbath for safety. Or it may be that Moses, after capturing it, may have sold it to the Ammonites, who had kept it as an antiquarian curiosity till their capital was sacked in the time of David. This is a most unlikely supposition, and besides renders it necessary to consider the latter clause of this verse as an interpolation inserted long after the time of Moses. To avoid this, some eminent critics take the Hebrew word rendered "bedstead" to mean "coffin." They think that the king of Bashan having been wounded in battle, fled to Rabbath, where he died and was buried; hence the dimensions of his "coffin" are given [DATHE, ROOS].
12 this land, which we possessed at that time, from Aroer . . . gave I unto the Reubenites and to the Gadites--The whole territory occupied by Sihon was parcelled out among the pastoral tribes of Reuben and Gad. It extended from the north bank of the Arnon to the south half of mount Gilead--a small mountain ridge, now called Djelaad, about six or seven miles south of the Jabbok, and eight miles in length. The northern portion of Gilead and the rich pasture lands of Bashan--a large province, consisting, with the exception of a few bleak and rocky spots, of strong and fertile soil--was assigned to the half-tribe of Manasseh.
14 Jair the son of Manasseh took all the country of Argob--The original inhabitants of the province north of Bashan, comprising sixty cities (
Deut 3:4), not having been extirpated along with Og, this people were afterwards brought into subjection by the energy of Jair. This chief, of the tribe of Manasseh, in accordance with the pastoral habits of his people, called these newly acquired towns by a name which signifies "Jair's Bedouin Villages of Tents."
unto this day--This remark must evidently have been introduced by Ezra, or some of the pious men who arranged and collected the books of Moses.
15 I gave Gilead unto Machir--It was only the half of Gilead (
Deut 3:12-
Deut 3:13) which was given to the descendants of Machir, who was now dead.
16 from Gilead--that is, not the mountainous region, but the town Ramoth-gilead,
even unto the river Arnon half the valley--The word "valley" signifies a wady, either filled with water or dry, as the Arnon is in summer, and thus the proper rendering of the passage will be--"even to the half or middle of the river Arnon" (compare
Josh 12:2). This prudent arrangement of the boundaries was evidently made to prevent all disputes between the adjacent tribes about the exclusive right to the water.
25 I pray thee, let me go over, and see the good land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon--The natural and very earnest wish of Moses to be allowed to cross the Jordan was founded on the idea that the divine threatening might be conditional and revertible. "That goodly mountain" is supposed by Jewish writers to have pointed to the hill on which the temple was to be built (
Deut 12:5;
Exod 15:2). But biblical scholars now, generally, render the words--"that goodly mountain, even Lebanon," and consider it to be mentioned as typifying the beauty of Palestine, of which hills and mountains were so prominent a feature.
26 speak no more unto me of this matter--that is, My decree is unalterable.