1Po těch věcech a stálém nařízení jejich, přitáh Senacherib král Assyrský, vtrhl do Judstva, a položil se proti městům hrazeným, a uložil jich zdobývati sobě. 2Vida pak Ezechiáš, že přitáhl Senacherib, a že tvář jeho obrácena jest k boji proti Jeruzalému, 3Uradil se s knížaty a rytíři svými, aby zasypali vody studnic, kteréž byly vně za městem. I pomáhali jemu. 4Nebo shromáždilo se lidu množství, a zasypali všecky studnice i potok rozvodňující se u prostřed země, řkouce: Proč přijdouce králové Assyrští, mají najíti vody tak mnoho? 5A posiliv se, vystavěl všecku zed zbořenou, a zopravoval věže, a vně zed druhou. Upevnil i Mello města Davidova, k tomu také nadělal braně velmi mnoho i pavéz. 6Zřídil též hejtmany válečné nad lidem, a shromáždil je k sobě do ulice u brány městské, a mluvil jim přívětivě, řka: 7Posilňte se a zmužile sobě počínejte, nebojte se, ani strachujte tváři krále Assyrského, ani všeho množství, kteréž jest s ním; nebo větší jest s námi, než s ním. 8S nímť jest rámě člověka, s námi pak jest Hospodin Bůh náš, ku pomoci naší a k bojování za nás. I zpolehl lid na slova Ezechiáše krále Judského. 9Potom poslal Senacherib král Assyrský služebníky své do Jeruzaléma, (sám pak ležel u Lachis, a všecko království jeho bylo s ním), k Ezechiášovi králi Judskému, i ke všemu lidu Judskému, kterýž byl v Jeruzalémě, řka: 10Takto praví Senacherib král Assyrský: V čem vy doufáte, že zůstáváte v ohradě v Jeruzalémě? 11Zdaliž Ezechiáš nenavodí vás, aby vás zmořil hladem a žízní, pravě: Hospodin Bůh náš vytrhne nás z ruky krále Assyrského? 12Zdaliž jest sám Ezechiáš nepobořil výsostí jeho a oltářů jeho, a přikázal Judovi a obyvatelům Jeruzalémským, řka: Před jedním oltářem klaněti se budete, a na něm kaditi. 13Nevíte-liž, co jsem učinil já i otcové moji všechněm národům zemí? Zdaliž jak mohli bohové národů a zemí vytrhnouti země své z ruky mé? 14Kdo byl mezi všemi bohy národů těch, kteréž jsou vyplénili otcové moji, kterýž by mohl vytrhnouti lid svůj z ruky mé? Aby pak mohl Bůh váš vytrhnouti vás z ruky mé? 15Protož tedy nechť vás nesvodí Ezechiáš, ani vás namlouvá, aniž mu věřte. Kdyžtě nemohl žádný bůh všech národů a království vytrhnouti lidu svého z ruky mé, jako i z ruky otců mých, nadtoť ovšem bohové vaši nevytrhnou vás z ruky mé. 16Přes to ještě mluvili služebníci jeho i proti Hospodinu Bohu, i proti Ezechiášovi služebníku jeho. 17Psal také listy, rouhaje se Hospodinu Bohu Izraelskému, a mluvě proti němu, řka: Jakož bohové národů zemských nevytrhli lidu svého z ruky mé, tak nevytrhne Bůh Ezechiášův lidu svého z ruky mé. 18Křičeli pak hlasem velikým Židovsky proti lidu Jeruzalémskému, kterýž byl na zdi, aby strach na ně pustili a předěsili je, aby tak vzali město. 19A tak mluvili o Bohu Jeruzalémském, jako o jiných bozích národů země, dílu rukou lidských. 20Tedy modlil se Ezechiáš král, a Izaiáš prorok syn Amosův z příčiny té, a volali k nebi. 21I poslal Hospodin anděla, kterýž vyhladil každého udatného i vývodu i kníže v vojště krále Assyrského, tak že se s hanbou velikou navrátil do země své. A když všel do chrámu boha svého, ti, kteříž vyšli z života jeho, zamordovali ho tam mečem. 22A tak vysvobodil Hospodin Ezechiáše a obyvatele Jeruzalémské z ruky Senacheriba krále Assyrského, a z ruky všech, a provázel je všudy vůkol. 23Tedy mnozí přinášeli oběti Hospodinu do Jeruzaléma, ano i dary drahé Ezechiášovi králi Judskému, tak že potom vznešen jest u všech národů. 24V těch dnech roznemohl se Ezechiáš až k smrti, i modlil se Hospodinu. Kterýž promluvil k němu, a ukázal mu zázrak. 25Ale Ezechiáš nebyl vděčen dobrodiní sobě učiněného, nebo pozdvihlo se srdce jeho. Pročež povstala proti němu prchlivost, i proti Judovi a Jeruzalému. 26Ale když se pokořil Ezechiáš pro to pozdvižení srdce svého i s obyvateli Jeruzalémskými, nepřišla na ně prchlivost Hospodinova za dnů Ezechiášových. 27Měl pak Ezechiáš bohatství a slávu velmi velikou; nebo nashromáždil sobě pokladů stříbra a zlata i kamení drahého a vonných věcí, i pavéz i všelijakých klénotů. 28A měl špižírny pro úrody obilí, mstu, oleje, i stáje pro všeliká hovada a chlévy pro dobytek. 29Města také zdělal sobě, a měl bravů a skotů množství; nebo Bůh dal jemu zboží náramně veliké. 30Tentýž Ezechiáš zasypal tok vody Gihonu hořejší, a přímo vedl jej dolů k západní straně města Davidova, a šťastně se vedlo Ezechiášovi ve všech skutcích jeho. 31Toliko při poselství knížat Babylonských poslaných k němu, aby se vyptali na zázrak, kterýž se byl stal v zemi, opustil ho Bůh, aby ho zkusil, aby známé bylo všecko, co bylo v srdci jeho. 32Jiné pak věci Ezechiášovy i pobožnost jeho zapsány jsou v proroctví Izaiáše proroka syna Amosova, a v knize o králích Judských a Izraelských. 33I usnul Ezechiáš s otci svými, a pochovali jej výše nad hroby potomků Davidových, a učinili jemu poctivost při smrti jeho všecken Juda i obyvatelé Jeruzalémští. A kraloval Manasses syn jeho místo něho.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 SENNACHERIB INVADES JUDAH. (2Ch. 32:1-20)
After these things, and the establishment thereof--that is, the restoration of the temple-worship. The precise date is given,
2Kgs 18:13. Determined to recover the independence of his country, Hezekiah had decided to refuse to pay the tribute which his father had bound himself to pay to Assyria.
Sennacherib . . . entered into Judah, and encamped against the fenced cities--The whole land was ravaged; the strong fortresses of Ashdod (
Isa 20:1) and Lachish had fallen; the siege of Libnah had commenced, when the king of Judah, doubting his ability to resist, sent to acknowledge his fault, and offer terms of submission by paying the tribute. The commencement of this Assyrian war was disastrous to Hezekiah (
2Kgs 18:13). But the misfortunes of the early period of the war are here passed over, as the historian hastens to relate the remarkable deliverance which God wrought for His kingdom of Judah.
2 when Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib . . . was purposed to fight against Jerusalem--An account of the means taken to fortify Jerusalem against the threatened siege is given only in this passage. The polluting or filling up of wells, and the altering of the course of rivers, is an old practice that still obtains in the wars of the East. Hezekiah's plan was to cover the fountain heads, so that they might not be discovered by the enemy, and to carry the water by subterranean channels or pipes into the city--a plan which, while it would secure a constant supply to the inhabitants, would distress the besiegers, as the country all around Jerusalem was very destitute of water.
4 So there was gathered much people . . . who stopped all the fountains, and the brook that ran through the midst of the land--"Where these various fountains were, we have now no positive means of ascertaining; though En-rogel, and the spring now called the Virgin's Fount, may well be numbered among them. JOSEPHUS mentions the existence of various fountains without the city, but does not mention any of them in this connection but Siloam. 'The brook,' however, is located with sufficient precision to enable us to trace it very definitely. We are told that it 'ran through the midst of the land.' Now a stream running through either the Kedron or Hinnom Valley, could, in no proper sense, be said to run through the midst of the land, but one flowing through the true Gihon valley, and separating Akra and Zion from Bezetha, Moriah, and Ophel, as a stream once, doubtless, did, could, with peculiar propriety, be said to run through the midst of the land on which the [Holy] City was built. And that this is the correct meaning of the phrase is not only apparent from the force of circumstances, but is positively so declared in the Septuagint, where, moreover, it is called a 'river,' which, at least, implies a much larger stream than the Kedron, and comports well with the marginal reading, where it is said to overflow through the midst of the land. Previous to the interference of man, there was, no doubt, a very copious stream that gushed forth in the upper portion of that shallow, basin-like concavity north of Damascus Gate, which is unquestionably the upper extremity of the Gihon valley, and pursuing its meandering course through this valley, entered the Tyropśon at its great southern curve, down which it flowed into the valley of the Kedron" [BARCLAY, City of the Great King].
5 he strengthened himself--He made a careful inspection of the city defenses for the purpose of repairing breaches in the wall here, renewing the masonry there, raising projecting machines to the towers, and especially fortifying the lower portion of Zion, that is, Millo, "(in) the original city of David." "In" is a supplement of our translators, and the text reads better without it, for it was not the whole city that was repaired, but only the lower portion of Zion, or the original "city of David."
6 he . . . gathered them together . . . in the street--that is, the large open space at the gate of Eastern cities. Having equipped his soldiers with a full suit of military accoutrements, he addressed them in an animated strain, dwelling on the motives they had to inspire courage and confidence of success, especially on their consciousness of the favor and helping power of God.
9 (See on 2Ki. 18:17-35; also 2Ki. 19:8-34).
18 they cried with a loud voice . . . unto the people of Jerusalem . . . on the wall--It appears that the wall on the west side of the city reached as far to the side of the uppermost pool of Gihon at that time as it does now, if not farther; and the wall was so close to that pool that those sent to negotiate with the Assyrian general answered him in their own tongue (see on
2Kgs 18:27).
21 AN ANGEL DESTROYS THE ASSYRIANS. (
2Chr 32:21-23)
an angel . . . cut off all the mighty men--(See on
2Kgs 19:35-37).
24 HEZEKIAH'S SICKNESS AND RECOVERY. (
2Chr 32:24-26)
In those days Hezekiah was sick to the death--(See on
2Kgs 20:1-11).
27 HIS RICHES AND WORKS. (
2Chr 32:27-33)
he had exceeding much riches and honour--(compare
2Kgs 20:13;
Isa 39:2). A great portion of his personal wealth, like that of David and Uzziah, consisted in immense possessions of agricultural and pastoral produce. Besides, he had accumulated large treasures in gold, silver, and precious things, which he had taken as spoils from the Philistines, and which he had received as presents from neighboring states, among which he was held in great honor as a king under the special protection of Heaven. Much of his great wealth he expended in improving his capital, erecting forts, and promoting the internal benefit of his kingdom.
30 stopped the . . . watercourse of Gihon, and brought it . . . to the west side of the city, &c.--(Compare
2Kgs 20:20). Particular notice is here taken of the aqueduct, as among the greatest of Hezekiah's works. "In exploring the subterranean channel conveying the water from Virgin's Fount to Siloam, I discovered a similar channel entering from the north, a few yards from its commencement; and on tracing it up near the Mugrabin gate, where it became so choked with rubbish that it could be traversed no farther, I there found it turn to the west in the direction of the south end of the cleft, or saddle, of Zion, and if this channel was not constructed for the purpose of conveying the waters of Hezekiah's aqueduct, I am unable to suggest any purpose to which it could have been applied. Perhaps the reason why it was not brought down on the Zion side, was that Zion was already well-watered in its lower portion by the Great Pool, 'the lower pool of Gihon.' And accordingly WILLIAMS [Holy City] renders this passage, 'He stopped the upper outflow of the waters of Gihon, and led them down westward to the city'" [BARCLAY, City of the Great King]. The construction of this aqueduct required not only masonic but engineering skill; for the passage was bored through a continuous mass of rock. Hezekiah's pool or reservoir made to receive the water within the northwest part of the city still remains. It is an oblong quadrangular tank, two hundred forty feet in length, from one hundred forty-four to one hundred fifty in breadth, but, from recent excavations, appears to have extended somewhat farther towards the north.
31 in the business of the ambassadors who sent . . . to inquire of the wonder that was done in the land, &c.--They brought a present (
2Chr 32:23; see on
2Kgs 20:12-13), and a letter of congratulation on his recovery, in which particular enquiries were made about the miracle of the sun's retrocession--a natural phenomenon that could not fail to excite great interest and curiosity at Babylon, where astronomy was so much studied. At the same time, there is reason to believe that they proposed a defensive league against the Assyrians.
God left him, to try him, &c.--Hezekiah's offense was not so much in the display of his military stores and treasures, as in not giving to God the glory both of the miracle and of his recovery, and thus leading those heathen ambassadors to know Him.
