1Byl jeden udatný hrdina, Jiftach Gileádský. Byl to syn jedné nevěstky a jeho otcem byl Gileád. 2Ten měl ovšem syny také se svou manželkou. Když její synové vyrostli, Jiftacha vyhnali: „V domě našeho otce nemáš co dědit!“ řekli mu. „Jsi přece syn cizí ženy!“ 3Jiftach tedy od svých bratrů utekl a bydlel v kraji Tov. Tam se k němu přidali různí ničemové a podnikali s ním výpady. 4Po nějaké době, když se Amonci dali do války s Izraelem, 5vypravili se gileádští stařešinové pro Jiftacha do kraje Tov. 6„Pojď,“ řekli mu, „staň se naším vůdcem v boji proti Amoncům.“ 7Jiftach ale gileádským stařešinům odpověděl: „Copak jste mě z nenávisti nevyhnali z domu mého otce? Proč teď jdete za mnou?! Protože jste v úzkých?“ 8Gileádští stařešinové mu na to řekli: „Ano, ale teď jsme se pro tebe vrátili. Pojď s námi bojovat proti Amoncům. Staň se vůdcem nás všech, kdo bydlíme v Gileádu.“ 9Jiftach jim odpověděl: „Když se s vámi vrátím, abych bojoval s Amonci, a Hospodin mi je vydá, budu pak opravdu vaším vůdcem?“ 10„Hospodin je náš svědek!“ řekli mu gileádští stařešinové, „Uděláme přesně, co říkáš.“ 11Jiftach tedy šel s nimi a lid si ho ustanovil za vůdce a velitele. Všechny své podmínky pak zopakoval před Hospodinem v Micpě. 12Potom Jiftach vyslal k amonskému králi posly se zprávou: „Co proti mně máš, že jsi přitáhl napadnout mou zem?“ 13Amonský král jim odpověděl: „To, že Izrael na cestě z Egypta zabral mou zem od Arnonu k Jaboku až po Jordán. Teď ji vrať po dobrém!“ 14Jiftach tedy k amonskému králi znovu vyslal posly 15se zprávou: „Toto praví Jiftach: Izrael nezabral zem Moábců ani zem Amonců. 16Na cestě z Egypta Izrael procházel pouští až k Rudému moři. Když přišli do Kádeše, 17vyslali posly k edomskému králi se slovy: ‚Nech nás prosím projít tvou zemí.‘ Edomský král o tom ale nechtěl ani slyšet. Poslali proto k moábskému králi, ale i on je odmítl. Izrael tedy zůstal v Kádeši. 18Potom se vydali na cestu pouští. Vyhnuli se edomské i moábské zemi, obešli moábskou zem z východu a utábořili se na druhé straně potoka Arnon, aby nevstoupili na moábské území – Arnon totiž tvořil moábskou hranici. 19Tehdy Izrael vyslal posly k emorejskému králi Sichonovi sídlícímu v Chešbonu. Izrael mu řekl: ‚Nech nás prosím projít tvou zemí až k nám domů.‘ 20Sichon ale Izraeli nevěřil, že jeho územím jen projde, a tak shromáždil celé své vojsko, utábořil se v Jahce a napadl Izrael. 21Hospodin, Bůh Izraele, však vydal Sichona i celé jeho vojsko do rukou Izraeli, takže je porazili. Tak Izrael obsadil celou zem Emorejců, kteří tehdy v té zemi bydleli. 22Obsadil celé emorejské území od Arnonu k Jaboku a od pouště až po Jordán. 23Hospodin, Bůh Izraele, vyhnal Emorejce před svým lidem Izraelem, a ty chceš vyhnat nás? 24Nedržíš se snad toho, co ti dal tvůj bůh Kemoš? Stejně tak my se držíme toho, co nám dal Hospodin, náš Bůh. 25To jsi o tolik lepší než moábský král Balák, syn Ciporův? Copak se odvážil vzdorovat Izraeli? Copak s ním bojoval? 26Už tři sta let bydlí Izrael v Chešbonu a jeho vesnicích, v Aroeru a jeho vesnicích i ve všech městech podél Arnonu. Proč jste je za tu dobu nedobyli zpět? 27Já jsem ti tedy nijak neublížil, ale ty mi křivdíš, když proti mně válčíš. Soudce Hospodin ať dnes rozsoudí mezi syny Izraele a syny Amonovými!“ 28Amonský král ale na tato Jiftachova slova vůbec nedbal. 29Na Jiftachovi tehdy spočinul Duch Hospodinův. Táhl Gileádem a Manasesem, prošel gileádskou Micpou a odtud vytáhl proti Amoncům. 30Jiftach dal Hospodinu slib: „Jestli mi vydáš Amonce do rukou 31a vrátím se domů jako vítěz, první, co mi vyjde ze vrat naproti, připadne Hospodinu jako má zápalná oběť.“ 32Jiftach vytáhl do boje proti Amoncům a Hospodin mu je vydal do rukou. 33Zpustošil dvacet měst od Aroeru směrem k Minítu až po Abel-keramim. Kvůli té hrozné porážce se tenkrát Amonci museli před syny Izraele pokořit. 34Jiftach se vracel domů do Micpy a hle, kdo mu vychází naproti – jeho dcera tančící za zvuku tamburín! Byla to jeho jediná. Neměl syna ani dceru kromě ní. 35Jakmile ji spatřil, roztrhl svá roucha: „Ach, má dcero!“ vykřikl. „Taková pohroma! Přivedla jsi mě do neštěstí! Já jsem dal slovo Hospodinu a nemohu je vzít zpět!“ 36„Otče můj,“ řekla mu ona, „ty jsi dal slovo Hospodinu? Udělej se mnou, co jsi slíbil – Hospodin ti přece dopřál pomstu nad tvými nepřáteli Amonci.“ 37Potom svého otce požádala: „Prosím jen o jedno: Pusť mě na dva měsíce, ať smím chodit po horách a se svými družkami plakat nad mým panenstvím.“ 38„Jdi,“ řekl jí a propustil ji na dva měsíce. Šla tedy se svými družkami do hor a oplakávala své panenství. 39Po dvou měsících se vrátila ke svému otci a ten s ní udělal, co slíbil. Nikdy nepoznala muže. Tak vznikl v Izraeli ten zvyk, 40že izraelské dívky chodí rok co rok na čtyři dny oplakávat dceru Jiftacha Gileádského.
Treasury of Scripture Knowledge 1 Judg 11:1 The covenant between Jephthah and the Gileadites, that he should be their head.
Judg 11:12 The treaty of peace between him and the Ammonites is in vain.
Judg 11:29 Jephthah's vow.
Judg 11:32 His conquest of the Ammonites.
Judg 11:34 He performs his vow on his daughter.
Jephthah.
Heb 11:32called Jephthae. a mighty.
Judg 6:12 2Kgs 5:1an harlot. Heb. a woman, an harlot. Probably
zonah should be rendered as in
Josh 2:1, a hostess, or inn-keeper: so Targum of Jonathan,
wehoo bar ittetha pundekeetha, "and he was the son of a woman, a tavern-keeper." She was very probably a Canaanite, as she is called, ver. 2
Judg 11:2, a strange woman,
ishah achereth, "a woman of another race;" and on this account his brethren drove him from the family, as not having a full right to the inheritance.
2 thrust out.
Gen 12:10 Deut 23:2 Gal 4:30a strange.
Pro 2:16 Pro 5:3 Pro 5:20 Pro 6:24 -
Pro 6:26 3 from his brethren. Heb. from the face of. Tob. Probably the same as Ish-Tob; and appears to have been a part of Syria, near Zobah, Rehob, and Maachah, east of Jordan, and in the most northern part of the portion of Manasseh. If so, it could not be far from Gilead, the country of Jephthah. This country is called Tobie or Tubin, 1 Mac 5:13; and the Jews who inhabited this district Tubieni, 2 Mac 12:17.
2Sam 10:6.
vain men.
Judg 9:4 1Sam 22:2 1Sam 27:2 1Sam 30:22 -
1Sam 30:24 Job 30:1 -
Job 30:10 Acts 17:5 4 A.M. 2817. B.C. 1187. An. Ex. Is. 304. in process of time. Heb. after days.
Judg 11:4 5 made war.
Judg 10:9 Judg 10:17 Judg 10:18to fetch.
1Sam 10:27 1Sam 11:6 1Sam 11:7 1Sam 11:12 Ps 118:22 Ps 118:23 Acts 7:35 -
Acts 7:39 1Cor 1:27 -
1Cor 1:29 6 Judg 11:6 7 Did not ye hate.
Gen 26:27 Gen 37:27 Gen 45:4 Gen 45:5 Pro 17:17 Isa 60:14 Acts 7:9 -
Acts 7:14 Rev 3:9 8 the elders.
Exod 8:8 Exod 8:28 Exod 9:28 Exod 10:17 1Kgs 13:6 Luke 17:3 Luke 17:4we turn.
Judg 10:18 9 If ye bring.
Num 32:20 -
Num 32:29 10 The Lord.
Gen 21:23 Gen 31:50 1Sam 12:5 Jer 29:23 Jer 42:5 Rom 1:9 2Cor 11:31be witness. be the hearer.
Gen 16:5 Gen 31:53 Deut 1:16 1Sam 24:12if we do.
Exod 20:7 Zech 5:4 Mal 3:5 11 head.
Judg 11:8uttered.
1Sam 23:9 -
1Sam 23:12 1Kgs 3:7 -
1Kgs 3:9 2Cor 3:5 Jas 1:5 Jas 1:17Jephthah uttered. That is, upon his elevation, he immediately retired to his devotion, and in prayer spread the whole matter before God, both his choice to the office, and his execution of the office, as one that had his eye ever toward the Lord, and would do nothing without him; that leaned not to his own understanding or courage, but depended on the Almighty God, and his favour. This is an ensample worthy of universal imitation; in All Our Ways, whether great or apparently subordinate, let us acknowledge God and seek his direction. So shall we make our way prosperous, and obtain that peace which passeth all understanding. Jephthah opened his campaign with prayer.
before.
Judg 10:17 Judg 20:1 1Sam 10:17 1Sam 11:15Mizpeh. This Mizpeh was east of Jordan in the mountains of Gilead (
Gen 31:49); and hence called Mizpeh of Gilead (ver. 29
Judg 11:29), to distinguish it from another place of the same name, west of Jordan, in the tribe of Judah.
Josh 15:38 12 sent messengers. In this Jephthah acted in accordance with the law of Moses; and hence the justice of his cause would appear more forcibly to the people.
Num 20:14 Num 21:21 Deut 2:26 Deut 20:10 Deut 20:11 Pro 25:8 Pro 25:9 Matt 18:15 Matt 18:16What hast.
2Kgs 14:8 -
2Kgs 14:12 13 Because Israel.
Num 21:24 -
Num 21:26 Pro 19:5 Pro 19:9from Arnon. That is, all the land which had belonged to the Amorites and Moabites.
Jabbok.
Gen 32:22 Deut 2:37 Deut 3:16 14 again unto.
Ps 120:7 Rom 12:18 Heb 12:14 1Pet 3:11 15 Israel took.
Num 21:13 -
Num 21:15 Num 21:27 -
Num 21:30 Deut 2:9 Deut 2:19 2Chr 20:10 Acts 24:12 Acts 24:13 16 But when. The whole of these messages shew, Jephthah had well studied the book of Moses. His arguments also are very clear and cogent, and his demands reasonable; for he only required that the Ammonites should cease to harass a people who had neither injured them, nor intended to do so.
walked.
Num 14:25 Deut 1:40 Josh 5:6came.
Gen 14:7 Num 13:26 Num 20:1 Deut 1:46 17 sent messengers.
Num 20:14 -
Num 20:21 Deut 2:4 -
Deut 2:8 Deut 2:29the king.
Deut 2:9abode.
Num 20:1 Num 20:16 18 went.
Num 20:22 Num 21:10 -
Num 21:13 Num 33:37 -
Num 33:44 Deut 2:1 -
Deut 2:8compassed.
Num 21:4 -
Num 21:9came by.
Num 21:11pitched.
Num 21:13 Num 22:36 19 Num 21:21 -
Num 21:35 Deut 2:26 -
Deut 2:34 Deut 3:1 -
Deut 3:17 Josh 13:8 -
Josh 13:12 20 Num 21:23 Deut 2:32Lord God.
Neh 9:22 Ps 135:10 -
Ps 135:12 Ps 136:17 -
Ps 136:21they smote.
Num 21:24 Num 21:25 Deut 2:33 Deut 2:34so Israel.
Josh 13:15 -
Josh 13:32 21 Judg 11:21 22 And they.
Deut 2:36from the wilderness. From Arabia Deserta on the east, to Jordan on the west.
23 Jephthah shews that the Israelites did not take the land of the Moabites or Ammonites, but that of the Amorites, which they had conquered from Sihon their king; and although the Amorites had taken the lands in question from the Ammonites, yet the title by which Israel held them was good, because they took them, not from the Ammonites, but from the Amorites.
Judg 11:23 24 Wilt not thou possess. This is simply an
argumentum ad hominem; in which Jephthah argues on this principles recognized by the king of Ammon. As if he had said, "You suppose that the land which you possess was given you by your god Chemosh; and therefore will not relinquish what you believe you hold by a divine right. Now we know that Jehovah, our God, has given us the land of the Israelites; and therefore we will not give it up."
Chemosh.
Num 21:29 1Kgs 11:7 Jer 48:7 Jer 48:46whomsoever.
Deut 9:4 Deut 9:5 Deut 18:12 Josh 3:10 Ps 44:2 Ps 78:55 Mic 4:5 25 Balak.
Num 22:2 -
Num 22:21 Deut 23:3 Deut 23:4 Josh 24:9 Josh 24:10 Mic 6:5 26 Heshbon.
Num 21:25 -
Num 21:30 Deut 2:24 Deut 3:2 Deut 3:6 Josh 12:2 Josh 12:5 Josh 13:10Aroer.
Deut 2:36three hundred.
Judg 3:11 Judg 3:30 Judg 5:31 Judg 8:28 Judg 9:22 Judg 10:2 Judg 10:3 Judg 10:8 Josh 11:18 Josh 23:1 27 the Judge.
Gen 18:25 1Sam 2:10 Job 9:15 Job 23:7 Ps 7:11 Ps 50:6 Ps 75:7 Ps 82:8 Ps 94:2 Ps 98:9 Eccl 11:9 Eccl 12:14 John 5:22 John 5:23 Rom 14:10 -
Rom 14:12 2Cor 5:10 2Tim 4:8 Heb 12:23be judge.
Gen 16:5 Gen 31:53 1Sam 24:12 1Sam 24:15 Ps 7:8 Ps 7:9 2Cor 11:11 28 2Kgs 14:11 Pro 16:18 29 the spirit.
Judg 3:10 Judg 6:34 Judg 13:25 Num 11:25 1Sam 10:10 1Sam 16:13 -
1Sam 16:15 1Chr 12:18Jephthah. "Jephthah seems to have been judge only of north-east Israel."
over Mizpeh.
Judg 10:17 30 Gen 28:20 Num 30:2 -
Num 30:16 1Sam 1:11 Eccl 5:1 Eccl 5:2 Eccl 5:4 Eccl 5:5 31 whatsoever, etc. Heb. that which cometh forth, which shall come forth. shall surely.
Lev 27:2 Lev 27:3 Lev 27:28 Lev 27:29 1Sam 1:11 1Sam 1:28 1Sam 2:18 1Sam 14:24 1Sam 14:44 Ps 66:13 Ps 66:14and I will. or, or I will, etc.
Wehaaleetheehoo olah, rather, as Dr. Randolph and others contend, "and I will offer Him (or to Him, i.e., Jehovah) a burnt offering;" for
hoo may with much more propriety be referred to the person to whom the sacrifice was to be made, than to the thing to be sacrificed. Unless understood in this way, or as the marginal reading, it must have been the vow of a heathen or a madman. If a dog, or other uncleaned animal had met him, he could not have made it a burnt offering; or if his neighbour's wife, sons, etc., his vow gave him no right over them.
Lev 27:11 Lev 27:12 Deut 23:18 Ps 66:13 Isa 66:3 32 the Lord.
Judg 1:4 Judg 2:18 Judg 3:10 33 Aroer.
Deut 2:36Minnith. Situated, according to Eusebius, four miles from Heshbon, towards Philadelphia or Rabbath.
Ezek 27:17the plain. or, Abel.
34 Mizpeh.
Judg 11:11 Judg 10:17his daughter.
Judg 5:1 -
Judg 5:31 Exod 15:20 1Sam 18:6 1Sam 18:7 Ps 68:25 Ps 148:11 Ps 148:12 Ps 150:4 Jer 31:4 Jer 31:13beside her. or, he had not of his own either son ordaughter. Heb. of himself. neither.
Zech 12:10 Luke 7:12 Luke 8:42 Luke 9:38 35 rent his clothes.
Gen 37:29 Gen 37:30 Gen 37:34 Gen 37:35 Gen 42:36 -
Gen 42:38 2Sam 13:30 2Sam 13:31 2Sam 18:33 Job 1:20have opened.
Lev 27:28 Lev 27:29 Num 30:2 -
Num 30:5 Ps 15:4 Eccl 5:2 -
Eccl 5:6I cannot.
Judg 21:1 -
Judg 21:7 1Sam 14:44 1Sam 14:45 Matt 14:7 -
Matt 14:9 Acts 23:14 36 forasmuch.
Judg 16:28 -
Judg 16:30 2Sam 18:19 2Sam 18:31 2Sam 19:30 Acts 20:24 Acts 21:13 Rom 16:4 Phil 2:30 37 go up and down. Heb. go and go down. bewail.
1Sam 1:6 Luke 1:25 38 Judg 11:38 39 did with. That Jephthah did not sacrifice his daughter, but consecrated her to the service of God in the tabernacle, in a state of celibacy, will we imagine be evident from the following consideration:--
1. Human sacrifices were ever an abomination to Jehovah, of which Jephthah could not be ignorant; and consequently he would neither have made such a vow, nor carried it into execution.
2. We are expressly told (ver. 29
Judg 11:29) that Jephthah was under the influence of the Spirit of God, which would effectually prevent him from embruing his hands in the blood of his own child.
3. He had it in his power to redeem his daughter, (
Lev 27:4;
Lev 27:4) and surely his only child must have been of more value than thirty shekles.
4. Besides, who was to perform the horrid rite? Not Jephthah himself, who was no priest, and in whom it would have been most unnatural and inhuman; and the priests would certainly have dissuaded him from it.
5. The sacred historian informs us, that she bewailed her virginity, that she knew no man, and that the Israelitish women went yearly to comfort or lament with her.
Judg 11:31 Lev 27:28 Lev 27:29 Deut 12:31 Isa 66:3to his vow.
1Sam 1:11 1Sam 1:22 1Sam 1:24 1Sam 1:28 1Sam 2:18custom. or, ordinance.
40 yearly. Heb. from year to year. lament. or, to talk with.
Judg 5:11four days.
1Kgs 9:25