1UND am dritten Tage war eine Hochzeit zu Kana in Galiläa, und die Mutter Jesu war dort. Joh. 21,2. 2Aber auch Jesus wurde zur Hochzeit eingeladen und seine Jünger. 3Und als der Wein ausgegangen war, sagt die Mutter Jesu zu ihm: Sie haben keinen Wein. 4Und Jesus sagt zu ihr: Weib, was habe ich mit dir zu schaffen? Meine Stunde ist noch nicht gekommen. Mt. 12,48. 5Seine Mutter sagt zu den Dienern: Was er euch sagen wird, das tut! 6Es waren aber gemäss dem Reinigungsbrauch der Juden sechs steinerne Wasserkrüge dort aufgestellt, die je zwei oder drei Bath fassten. Mk. 7,3.4. 7Jesus sagt zu ihnen: Füllet die Krüge mit Wasser! Und sie füllten sie bis oben. 8Und er sagt zu ihnen: Schöpfet jetzt und bringet es dem Speisemeister! Und sie brachten es. 9Als aber der Speisemeister das Wasser, das Wein geworden war, gekostet hatte und nicht wusste, woher es war - die Diener jedoch, die das Wasser geschöpft hatten, wussten es - ruft der Speisemeister den Bräutigam Joh. 4,46. 10und sagt zu ihm: Jedermann setzt zuerst den guten Wein vor, und wenn sie trunken geworden sind, den geringern; du hast den guten Wein bis jetzt aufgespart. 11Dies tat Jesus als Anfang der Zeichen zu Kana in Galiläa und offenbarte seine Herrlichkeit, und seine Jünger glaubten an ihn. Joh. 1,14; 12,37; 20,30.31. 12DARNACH zog er hinab nach Kapernaum, er und seine Mutter und seine Brüder und seine Jünger, und sie blieben nicht viele Tage dort. Mt. 4,13; 13,55. 13Und das Passa der Juden war nahe, und Jesus zog nach Jerusalem hinauf. Joh. 6,4; 11,55. 14Und er fand die Verkäufer von Ochsen, Schafen und Tauben und die Wechsler im Tempel sitzend. 15Und er machte eine Geissel aus Stricken und trieb alle aus dem Tempel hinaus, die Schafe wie die Ochsen, und den Wechslern schüttete er das Geld aus und stiess ihnen die Tische um, 16und zu den Taubenverkäufern sprach er: Traget das von hier weg; machet nicht das Haus meines Vaters zu einem Kaufhause! Lk. 2,49. 17Seine Jünger erinnerten sich, dass geschrieben steht: «Der Eifer für dein Haus wird mich verzehren.» Ps. 69,10. 18Da begannen die Juden und sagten zu ihm: Was für ein Zeichen weisest du uns dafür auf, dass du dies tun darfst? Joh. 6,30; Mt. 21,23. 19Jesus antwortete und sprach zu ihnen: Brechet diesen Tempel ab, und in drei Tagen will ich ihn wiedererstehen lassen. Mt. 26,61; 27,40. 20Die Juden nun sagten: In 46 Jahren1 ist dieser Tempel gebaut worden, und du willst ihn in drei Tagen wiedererstehen lassen? 1) im Jahr 20 oder 19 v.Chr. begann Herodes der Grosse einen völligen Umbau des Tempels (ohne jede Störung des Gottesdienstes). Die 46 Jahre reichen also bis 27 oder 28 n.Chr. 21Er aber sprach vom Tempel seines Leibes. 22Als er nun von den Toten auferweckt worden war, erinnerten sich seine Jünger, dass er dies gesagt hatte, und sie glaubten der Schrift und dem Worte, das Jesus gesprochen hatte. 23ALS er aber am Passafest in Jerusalem war, glaubten viele an seinen Namen, weil sie seine Zeichen sahen, die er tat. Joh. 11,45. 24Doch Jesus selbst vertraute sich ihnen nicht an, weil er alle kannte Joh. 6,64. 25und weil er nicht nötig hatte, dass jemand über den Menschen Zeugnis ablegte; denn er erkannte selbst, was im Menschen war.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 FIRST MIRACLE, WATER MADE WINE--BRIEF VISIT TO CAPERNAUM. (
John 2:1-
John 2:12)
third day--He would take two days to reach Galilee, and this was the third.
mother there--it being probably some relative's marriage. John never names her [BENGEL].
3 no wine--evidently expecting some display of His glory, and hinting that now was His time.
4 Woman--no term of disrespect in the language of that day (
John 19:26).
what . . . to do with thee--that is, "In my Father's business I have to do with Him only." It was a gentle rebuke for officious interference, entering a region from which all creatures were excluded (compare
Acts 4:19-
Acts 4:20).
mine hour, &c.--hinting that He would do something, but at His own time; and so she understood it (
John 2:5).
6 firkins--about seven and a half gallons in Jewish, or nine in Attic measure; each of these huge water jars, therefore, holding some twenty or more gallons, for washings at such feasts (
Mark 7:4).
7 Fill . . . draw . . . bear--directing all, but Himself touching nothing, to prevent all appearance of collusion.
9 well drunk--"drunk abundantly" (as
Song 5:1), speaking of the general practice.
10 the good wine . . . until now--thus testifying, while ignorant of the source of supply, not only that it was real wine, but better than any at the feast.
11 manifested forth his glory--Nothing in the least like this is said of the miracles of prophet or apostle, nor could without manifest blasphemy be said of any mere creature. Observe, (1) At a marriage Christ made His first public appearance in any company, and at a marriage He wrought His first miracle--the noblest sanction that could be given to that God-given institution. (2) As the miracle did not make bad good, but good better, so Christianity only redeems, sanctifies, and ennobles the beneficent but abused institution of marriage; and Christ's whole work only turns the water of earth into the wine of heaven. Thus "this beginning of miracles" exhibited the character and "manifested forth the glory" of His entire Mission. (3) As Christ countenanced our seasons of festivity, so also that greater fulness which befits such; so far was He from encouraging that asceticism which has since been so often put for all religion. (4) The character and authority ascribed by Romanists to the Virgin is directly in the teeth of this and other scriptures.
12 Capernaum--on the Sea of Galilee. (See on
Matt 9:1).
his mother and his brethren--(See on
Luke 2:51, and
Matt 13:54-
Matt 13:56).
14 CHRIST'S FIRST PASSOVER--FIRST CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE. (
John 2:13-
John 2:25)
in the temple--not the temple itself, as
John 2:19-
John 2:21, but the temple-court.
sold oxen, &c.--for the convenience of those who had to offer them in sacrifice.
changers of money--of Roman into Jewish money, in which the temple dues (see on
Matt 17:24) had to be paid.
15 small cords--likely some of the rushes spread for bedding, and when twisted used to tie up the cattle there collected. "Not by this slender whip but by divine majesty was the ejection accomplished, the whip being but a sign of the scourge of divine anger" [GROTIUS].
poured out . . . overthrew--thus expressing the mingled indignation and authority of the impulse.
16 my Father's house--How close the resemblance of these remarkable words to
Luke 2:49; the same consciousness of intrinsic relation to the temple--as the seat of His Father's most august worship, and so the symbol of all that is due to Him on earth--dictating both speeches. Only, when but a youth, with no authority, He was simply "a SON IN His own house"; now He was "a SON OVER His own house" (
Heb 3:6), the proper Representative, and in flesh "the Heir," of his Father's rights.
house of merchandise--There was nothing wrong in the merchandise; but to bring it, for their own and others' convenience, into that most sacred place, was a high-handed profanation which the eye of Jesus could not endure.
17 eaten me up--a glorious feature in the predicted character of the suffering Messiah (
Ps 69:9), and rising high even in some not worthy to loose the latchet of His shoes. (
Exod 32:19, &c.).
18 What sign showest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?--Though the act and the words of Christ, taken together, were sign enough, they were unconvinced: yet they were awed, and though at His very next appearance at Jerusalem they "sought to kill Him" for speaking of "His Father" just as He did now (
John 5:18), they, at this early stage, only ask a sign.
19 Destroy this temple, &c.--(See on
Mark 14:58-
Mark 14:59).
20 Forty and six years--From the eighteenth year of Herod till then was just forty-six years [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 15.11.1].
21 temple of his body--in which was enshrined the glory of the eternal Word. (See on
John 1:14). By its resurrection the true Temple of God upon earth was reared up, of which the stone one was but a shadow; so that the allusion is not quite exclusively to Himself, but takes in that Temple of which He is the foundation, and all believers are the "lively stones." (
1Pet 2:4-5).
22 believed the scripture--on this subject; that is, what was meant, which was hid from them till then. Mark (1) The act by which Christ signalized His first public appearance in the Temple. Taking "His fan in His hand, He purges His floor," not thoroughly indeed, but enough to foreshadow His last act towards that faithless people--to sweep them out of God's house. (2) The sign of His authority to do this is the announcement, at this first outset of His ministry, of that coming death by their hands, and resurrection by His own, which were to pave the way for their judicial ejection.
23 in the feast day--the foregoing things occurring probably before the feast began.
many believed--superficially, struck merely by "the miracles He did." Of these we have no record.
24 did not commit--"entrust," or let Himself down familiarly to them, as to His genuine disciples.
25 knew what was in man--It is impossible for language more clearly to assert of Christ what in
Jer 17:9-
Jer 17:10, and elsewhere, is denied of all mere creatures.