1Obsah vidění Izaiáše, syna Amosova, o Judovi a Jeruzalému. 2Stane se v posledních dnech: Pevně bude stát hora s Hospodinovým domem na vrcholu hor, vyvýšena nad pahorky, budou k ní proudit všechny národy. 3Budou k ní putovat četné kmeny a řeknou: „Vzhůru, vystupme na Hospodinovu horu, do domu Jakubova Boha! Ať nás naučí svým cestám, choďme po jeho stezkách!“ Ze Siónu vyjde nauka, z Jeruzaléma Hospodinovo slovo. 4Soudit bude národy, rozsuzovat četné kmeny, že zkují své meče v radlice a svá kopí ve vinařské nože. Nezdvihne již meč národ proti národu, válce se již nebudou učit. 5Jakubův dome, vzhůru, choďme v Hospodinově světle! Potrestáním pýchy a modlářství Judovců. Boží oslava v den soudu. 6Odhodil jsi totiž svůj národ, Jakubův dům, neboť mají plno věštců od východu, plno hadačů jako Filišťané, s cizinci si potřásají rukama. 7Jeho země je plná stříbra a zlata, není konce jeho pokladům. Jeho země je plná koní, nesčetné jsou jeho válečné vozy; 8jeho země je plná bůžků: klanějí se dílu svých rukou, které zhotovily jejich prsty. 9Každý se koří, kdekdo se ponižuje: neodpouštěj jim! 10Zalez do skály, skryj se do prachu z bázně před Hospodinem, před jeho slavnou velebností! 11Pyšné lidské oči budou poníženy, sražena bude zpupnost lidí; v onen den bude jedině Hospodin vyvýšen. 12Den Hospodina zástupů přijde na všechno, co je pyšné a zpupné, na všechno, co je povýšené; bude to poníženo; 13na všechny libanonské cedry, vysoké a vznosné, na všechny bašanské duby, 14na všechny vysoké hory, na všechny strmící vrchy, 15na každou štíhlou věž, na každou opevněnou hradbu, 16na všechny taršíšské lodi, na všechna skvostná plavidla. 17Pýcha lidí bude sražena, ponížena zpupnost mužů, v onen den bude jedině Hospodin vyvýšen, 18modly však naprosto zmizí. 19Zalezou do skalních jeskyní, do děr plných prachu z bázně před Hospodinem, před jeho slavnou velebností, až vstane, aby poděsil zemi. 20V onen den zahodí každý krtkům a netopýrům své modly ze stříbra, své modly ze zlata, které si zhotovil, aby se jim klaněl. 21Zaleze do skalních rozsedlin, do kamenných slují z bázně před Hospodinem, před jeho slavnou velebností, až vstane, aby poděsil zemi. 22Přestaňte se spoléhat na člověka, který má v chřípí jenom svůj dech. Zač je možné si ho cenit?
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 (Isa. 2:1-22)
The inscription.
The word--the revelation.
2 Same as
Мих 4:1. As Micah prophesied in Jotham's reign, and Isaiah in Uzziah's, Micah rests on Isaiah, whom he confirms: not vice versa. HENGSTENBERG on slight grounds makes
Мих 4:1 the original.
last days--that is, Messiah's: especially the days yet to come, to which all prophecy hastens, when "the house of the God of Jacob," namely, at Jerusalem, shall be the center to which the converted nations shall flock together (
Мф 13:32;
Лк 2:31-
Лк 2:32;
Деян 1:6-
Деян 1:7); where "the kingdom" of Israel is regarded as certain and the time alone uncertain (
Псал 68:15-
Псал 68:16;
Псал 72:8,
Псал 72:11).
mountain of the Lord's house . . . in the top, &c.--the temple on Mount Moriah: type of the Gospel, beginning at Jerusalem, and, like an object set on the highest hill, made so conspicuous that all nations are attracted to it.
flow--as a broad stream (
Ис 66:12).
3 If the curse foretold against Israel has been literally fulfilled, so shall the promised blessing be literal. We Gentiles must not, while giving them the curse, deny them their peculiar blessing by spiritualizing it. The Holy Ghost shall be poured out for a general conversion then (
Иер 50:5;
Зах 8:21,
Зах 8:23;
Иоил 2:28).
from Jerusalem-- (
Лк 24:47) an earnest of the future relations of Jerusalem to Christendom (
Рим 11:12,
Рим 11:15).
4 judge--as a sovereign umpire, settling all controversies (compare
Ис 11:4). LOWTH translates "work," "conviction."
plowshares--in the East resembling a short sword (
Ис 9:6-
Ис 9:7;
Зах 9:10).
5 The connection is: As Israel's high destiny is to be a blessing to all nations (
Быт 12:3), let Israel's children walk worthy of it (
Еф 5:8).
6 Therefore--rather, "For": reasons why there is the more need of the exhortation in
Ис 2:5.
thou--transition to Jehovah: such rapid transitions are natural, when the mind is full of a subject.
replenished--rather, filled, namely, with the superstitions of the East, Syria, and Chaldea.
soothsayers--forbidden (
Втор 18:10-
Втор 18:14).
Philistines--southwest of Palestine: antithesis to "the east."
please themselves--rather, join hands with, that is, enter into alliances, matrimonial and national: forbidden (
Исх 23:32;
Неем 13:23, &c.).
7 gold--forbidden to be heaped together (
Втор 17:17). Solomon disobeyed (
3Цар 10:21,
3Цар 10:27).
horses . . . chariots--forbidden (
Втор 17:16). But Solomon disobeyed (
3Цар 20:26). Horses could be used effectively for war in the plains of Egypt; not so in the hilly Judea. God designed there should be as wide as possible a distinction between Israel and the Egyptians. He would have His people wholly dependent on Him, rather than on the ordinary means of warfare (
Псал 20:7). Also horses were connected with idolatry (
4Цар 23:11); hence His objection: so the transition to "idols" (
Ис 2:8) is natural.
8 (
Ос 8:4). Not so much public idolatry, which was not sanctioned in Uzziah's and Jotham's reign, but (see
4Цар 15:4,
4Цар 15:35) as private.
9 mean--in rank: not morally base: opposed to "the great man." The former is in Hebrew, Adam, the latter, ish.
boweth--namely, to idols. All ranks were idolaters.
forgive . . . not--a threat expressed by an imperative. Isaiah so identifies himself with God's will, that he prays for that which he knows God purposes. So
Откр 18:6.
10 Poetical form of expressing that, such were their sins, they would be obliged by God's judgments to seek a hiding-place from His wrath (
Откр 6:15-
Откр 6:16).
dust--equivalent to "caves of the earth," or dust (
Ис 2:19).
for fear, &c.--literally, "from the face of the terror of the Lord."
11 lofty looks--literally, "eyes of pride" (
Псал 18:27).
humbled--by calamities. God will so vindicate His honor "in that day" of judgments, that none else "shall be exalted" (
Зах 14:9).
12 Man has had many days: "the day of the Lord" shall come at last, beginning with judgment, a never-ending day in which God shall be "all in all" (
1Кор 15:28;
2Пет 3:10).
every--not merely person, as English Version explains it, but every thing on which the nation prided itself.
13 cedars . . . oaks--image for haughty nobles and princes (
Амос 2:9;
Зах 11:1-
Зах 11:2; compare
Откр 19:18-
Откр 19:21).
Bashan--east of Jordan, north of the river Jabbok, famous for fine oaks, pasture, and cattle. Perhaps in "oaks" there is reference to their idolatry (
Ис 1:29).
14 high . . . hills--referring to the "high places" on which sacrifices were unlawfully offered, even in Uzziah's (equivalent to Azariah) reign (
4Цар 15:4). Also, places of strength, fastnesses in which they trusted, rather than in God; so
15 tower . . . wall--Towers were often made on the walls of cities.
fenced--strongly fortified.
16 Tarshish--Tartessus in southwest Spain, at the mouth of the Guadalquivir, near Gibraltar. It includes the adjoining region: a Phśnician colony; hence its connection with Palestine and the Bible (
2Пар 9:21). The name was also used in a wide sense for the farthest west, as our West Indies (
Ис 66:19;
Псал 48:7;
Псал 72:10). "Ships of Tarshish" became a phrase for richly laden and far-voyaging vessels. The judgment shall be on all that minister to man's luxury (compare
Откр 18:17-
Откр 18:19).
pictures--ordered to be destroyed (
Чис 33:52). Still to be seen on the walls of Nineveh's palaces. It is remarkable that whereas all other ancient civilized nations, Egypt, Assyria, Greece, Rome, have left monuments in the fine arts, Judea, while rising immeasurably above them in the possession of "the living oracles," has left none of the former. The fine arts, as in modern Rome, were so often associated with polytheism, that God required His people in this, as in other respects, to be separate from the nations (
Втор 4:15-
Втор 4:18). But Vulgate translation is perhaps better, "All that is beautiful to the sight"; not only paintings, but all luxurious ornaments. One comprehensive word for all that goes before (compare
Откр 18:12,
Откр 18:14,
Откр 18:16).
17 Repeated from
Ис 2:11, for emphatic confirmation.
18 idols--literally, "vain things," "nothings" (
1Кор 8:4). Fulfilled to the letter. Before the Babylonian captivity the Jews were most prone to idolatry; in no instance, ever since. For the future fulfilment, see
Зах 13:2;
Откр 13:15;
Откр 19:20.
19 The fulfilment answers exactly to the threat (
Ис 2:10).
they--the idol-worshippers.
caves--abounding in Judea, a hilly country; hiding-places in times of alarm (
1Цар 13:6).
shake . . . earth--and the heavens also (
Евр 12:26). Figure for severe and universal judgments.
20 moles--Others translate "mice." The sense is, under ground, in darkness.
bats--unclean birds (
Лев 11:19), living amidst tenantless ruins (
Откр 11:13).
22 The high ones (
Ис 2:11,
Ис 2:13) on whom the people trust, shall be "brought low" (
Ис 3:2); therefore "cease from" depending on them, instead of on the Lord (
Псал 146:3-
Псал 146:5).