1Vidění Amosova syna Izaiáše o Judovi a Jeruzalému. 2Na konci časů se stane, že hora Jahvova domu bude postavena před hory a bude čnít nad pahorky. Pak se k ní budou hrnout všechny národy, 3pak přijdou četné národy a řeknou: „Pojďte, vystupme na Jahvovu horu, do domu Jakubova Boha, ať nás naučí svým cestám a ať chodíme po jeho stezkách.“ Vždyť ze Sionu přichází Zákon a z Jeruzaléma Jahvovo slovo. 4On bude rozsuzovat mezi národy, on bude rozhodčím četných národů. Ony zlámou své meče a překovají je v radlice i svá kopí ve vinařské nože. Národ proti národu už nepozvedne meč, už se nebudou učit vést válku. - 5Jakubův dome, pojďme, kráčejme v Jahvově světle. 6Ano, odvrhl jsi svůj lid, Jakubův dům, neboť se v něm už dlouho hemží kouzelníci jako u Filišťanů, je v něm nadbytek dětí cizinců. 7Země se naplnila stříbrem a zlatem, nemají hranic její poklady; země se naplnila koňmi, nespočetné jsou její vozy; 8země se naplnila nepravými bohy. Dílu svých rukou se klanějí, tomu, co zhotovily jejich prsty. 9Smrtelník se pokořil, člověk se ponížil: nepozvedej je! 10Zalez do skály, zahrabej se do prachu před Jahvovou hrůzou, před leskem jeho vznešenosti, až on povstane, aby otřásl zemí. 11Lidská pýcha sklopí oči, nadutost lidí bude pokořena, Jahve bude v onen den vyvýšen, jen on. 12Ano, to bude den Jahva Sabaot nade vším, co je pyšné a povýšené, nade vším, co je vysoké, aby se to snížilo; 13nade všemi libanonskými cedry, povýšenými a vysokými, a nade všemi bašanskými duby; 14nade všemi povýšenými horami a nade všemi čnějícími pahorky; 15nad každou hrdopyšnou věží a nad každou strmou hradbou; 16nade všemi taršíšskými loďmi a nade vším, co se zdá být vzácné. 17Lidská pýcha bude pokořena, nadutost lidí bude ponížena a Jahve bude v onen den vyvýšen, jen on. 18Nepraví bohové hromadně zmizí. 19Zalezou do jeskyň ve skalách a do puklin v zemi před Jahvovou hrůzou, před leskem jeho vznešenosti, až on povstane, aby otřásl zemí. 20V onen den člověk hodí krtkům a netopýrům své nepravé bohy ze stříbra a své nepravé bohy ze zlata, které mu zhotovili, aby je uctíval, 21zaleze do skalních rozsedlin a do štěrbin v útesech před Jahvovou hrůzou, před leskem jeho vznešenosti, až on povstane, aby otřásl zemí. 22Straňte se člověka, jenž nemá než dech v chřípí! Na kolik ho odhadnout?
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 (Isa. 2:1-22)
The inscription.
The word--the revelation.
2 Same as
Мих 4:1. As Micah prophesied in Jotham's reign, and Isaiah in Uzziah's, Micah rests on Isaiah, whom he confirms: not vice versa. HENGSTENBERG on slight grounds makes
Мих 4:1 the original.
last days--that is, Messiah's: especially the days yet to come, to which all prophecy hastens, when "the house of the God of Jacob," namely, at Jerusalem, shall be the center to which the converted nations shall flock together (
Мф 13:32;
Лк 2:31-
Лк 2:32;
Деян 1:6-
Деян 1:7); where "the kingdom" of Israel is regarded as certain and the time alone uncertain (
Псал 68:15-
Псал 68:16;
Псал 72:8,
Псал 72:11).
mountain of the Lord's house . . . in the top, &c.--the temple on Mount Moriah: type of the Gospel, beginning at Jerusalem, and, like an object set on the highest hill, made so conspicuous that all nations are attracted to it.
flow--as a broad stream (
Ис 66:12).
3 If the curse foretold against Israel has been literally fulfilled, so shall the promised blessing be literal. We Gentiles must not, while giving them the curse, deny them their peculiar blessing by spiritualizing it. The Holy Ghost shall be poured out for a general conversion then (
Иер 50:5;
Зах 8:21,
Зах 8:23;
Иоил 2:28).
from Jerusalem-- (
Лк 24:47) an earnest of the future relations of Jerusalem to Christendom (
Рим 11:12,
Рим 11:15).
4 judge--as a sovereign umpire, settling all controversies (compare
Ис 11:4). LOWTH translates "work," "conviction."
plowshares--in the East resembling a short sword (
Ис 9:6-
Ис 9:7;
Зах 9:10).
5 The connection is: As Israel's high destiny is to be a blessing to all nations (
Быт 12:3), let Israel's children walk worthy of it (
Еф 5:8).
6 Therefore--rather, "For": reasons why there is the more need of the exhortation in
Ис 2:5.
thou--transition to Jehovah: such rapid transitions are natural, when the mind is full of a subject.
replenished--rather, filled, namely, with the superstitions of the East, Syria, and Chaldea.
soothsayers--forbidden (
Втор 18:10-
Втор 18:14).
Philistines--southwest of Palestine: antithesis to "the east."
please themselves--rather, join hands with, that is, enter into alliances, matrimonial and national: forbidden (
Исх 23:32;
Неем 13:23, &c.).
7 gold--forbidden to be heaped together (
Втор 17:17). Solomon disobeyed (
3Цар 10:21,
3Цар 10:27).
horses . . . chariots--forbidden (
Втор 17:16). But Solomon disobeyed (
3Цар 20:26). Horses could be used effectively for war in the plains of Egypt; not so in the hilly Judea. God designed there should be as wide as possible a distinction between Israel and the Egyptians. He would have His people wholly dependent on Him, rather than on the ordinary means of warfare (
Псал 20:7). Also horses were connected with idolatry (
4Цар 23:11); hence His objection: so the transition to "idols" (
Ис 2:8) is natural.
8 (
Ос 8:4). Not so much public idolatry, which was not sanctioned in Uzziah's and Jotham's reign, but (see
4Цар 15:4,
4Цар 15:35) as private.
9 mean--in rank: not morally base: opposed to "the great man." The former is in Hebrew, Adam, the latter, ish.
boweth--namely, to idols. All ranks were idolaters.
forgive . . . not--a threat expressed by an imperative. Isaiah so identifies himself with God's will, that he prays for that which he knows God purposes. So
Откр 18:6.
10 Poetical form of expressing that, such were their sins, they would be obliged by God's judgments to seek a hiding-place from His wrath (
Откр 6:15-
Откр 6:16).
dust--equivalent to "caves of the earth," or dust (
Ис 2:19).
for fear, &c.--literally, "from the face of the terror of the Lord."
11 lofty looks--literally, "eyes of pride" (
Псал 18:27).
humbled--by calamities. God will so vindicate His honor "in that day" of judgments, that none else "shall be exalted" (
Зах 14:9).
12 Man has had many days: "the day of the Lord" shall come at last, beginning with judgment, a never-ending day in which God shall be "all in all" (
1Кор 15:28;
2Пет 3:10).
every--not merely person, as English Version explains it, but every thing on which the nation prided itself.
13 cedars . . . oaks--image for haughty nobles and princes (
Амос 2:9;
Зах 11:1-
Зах 11:2; compare
Откр 19:18-
Откр 19:21).
Bashan--east of Jordan, north of the river Jabbok, famous for fine oaks, pasture, and cattle. Perhaps in "oaks" there is reference to their idolatry (
Ис 1:29).
14 high . . . hills--referring to the "high places" on which sacrifices were unlawfully offered, even in Uzziah's (equivalent to Azariah) reign (
4Цар 15:4). Also, places of strength, fastnesses in which they trusted, rather than in God; so
15 tower . . . wall--Towers were often made on the walls of cities.
fenced--strongly fortified.
16 Tarshish--Tartessus in southwest Spain, at the mouth of the Guadalquivir, near Gibraltar. It includes the adjoining region: a Phśnician colony; hence its connection with Palestine and the Bible (
2Пар 9:21). The name was also used in a wide sense for the farthest west, as our West Indies (
Ис 66:19;
Псал 48:7;
Псал 72:10). "Ships of Tarshish" became a phrase for richly laden and far-voyaging vessels. The judgment shall be on all that minister to man's luxury (compare
Откр 18:17-
Откр 18:19).
pictures--ordered to be destroyed (
Чис 33:52). Still to be seen on the walls of Nineveh's palaces. It is remarkable that whereas all other ancient civilized nations, Egypt, Assyria, Greece, Rome, have left monuments in the fine arts, Judea, while rising immeasurably above them in the possession of "the living oracles," has left none of the former. The fine arts, as in modern Rome, were so often associated with polytheism, that God required His people in this, as in other respects, to be separate from the nations (
Втор 4:15-
Втор 4:18). But Vulgate translation is perhaps better, "All that is beautiful to the sight"; not only paintings, but all luxurious ornaments. One comprehensive word for all that goes before (compare
Откр 18:12,
Откр 18:14,
Откр 18:16).
17 Repeated from
Ис 2:11, for emphatic confirmation.
18 idols--literally, "vain things," "nothings" (
1Кор 8:4). Fulfilled to the letter. Before the Babylonian captivity the Jews were most prone to idolatry; in no instance, ever since. For the future fulfilment, see
Зах 13:2;
Откр 13:15;
Откр 19:20.
19 The fulfilment answers exactly to the threat (
Ис 2:10).
they--the idol-worshippers.
caves--abounding in Judea, a hilly country; hiding-places in times of alarm (
1Цар 13:6).
shake . . . earth--and the heavens also (
Евр 12:26). Figure for severe and universal judgments.
20 moles--Others translate "mice." The sense is, under ground, in darkness.
bats--unclean birds (
Лев 11:19), living amidst tenantless ruins (
Откр 11:13).
22 The high ones (
Ис 2:11,
Ис 2:13) on whom the people trust, shall be "brought low" (
Ис 3:2); therefore "cease from" depending on them, instead of on the Lord (
Псал 146:3-
Псал 146:5).