1Hle, Hospodinova ruka není krátká, že by nezachránil, ani jeho ucho není zalehlé, že by neslyšel, 2nýbrž vaše zvrácenosti se staly hradbou mezi vámi a vaším Bohem a vaše hříchy skryly jeho tvář před vámi, aby neslyšel. 3Vždyť vaše ruce jsou poskvrněné krví a vaše prsty zvráceností. Vaše rty mluví klam a váš jazyk opakuje zvrácenosti. 4Nikdo nevolá po spravedlnosti a nikdo se nesoudí pravdivě. Spoléhají na marnost a mluví klam, počnou trápení a zplodí špatnost. 5Vyseděli zmijí vejce a spřádají pavoučí vlákna. Kdo z jejich vajec jí, umírá, a když se některé rozmáčkne, vyrazí z něj zmije. 6Jejich vlákna se nehodí na oděv a svými výtvory se nepřikryjí. Jejich díla jsou díla špatnosti a v jejich rukou je skutek násilí. 7Jejich nohy běží za zlem, pospíchají prolévat nevinnou krev. Jejich úmysly jsou úmysly zlé, na jejich silnicích číhá zkáza a pohroma. 8Cestu pokoje neznají, právo není na jejich stezkách. Své pěšiny si pokřivili, žádný, kdo po nich kráčí, nezná pokoj. 9Proto se od nás právo vzdálilo a spravedlnost nás nedostihuje. Čekáme na světlo a hle, temnota, na úsvit, a chodíme v hluboké tmě. 10Jako slepí ohmatáváme stěnu, hmatáme jako bychom neměli oči. V poledne klopýtáme jako za soumraku, mezi zdatnými jsme jako mrtví. 11Všichni bručíme jako medvědi a stále lkáme jako holubice, čekáme na právo, ale není, na záchranu, ale je od nás daleko. 12Protože našich přestoupení před tebou je mnoho a naše hříchy svědčí proti nám. Naše přestoupení jsou s námi, i naše provinění, známe je: 13Vzpírání se a lhaní proti Hospodinu, odstoupení od našeho Boha, mluvení o útlaku a vzpouře, vymýšlení lživých slov a jejich vypouštění ze srdce. 14Právo je potlačeno a spravedlnost zůstává daleko, ano, na náměstí klopýtá pravda a to, co je správné, nemůže vejít. 15Pravdy se nedostává, kdo se odvrací od zla, bývá vykořistěn. Hospodin to vidí a je zlé v jeho očích, že není právo. 16A viděl, že není nikoho, a užasl, že není přímluvce. Záchranu mu tedy poskytla jeho paže a jeho spravedlnost, ta ho podepřela. 17Oděl si spravedlnost jako pancíř a přilba záchrany je na jeho hlavě. Roucho pomsty si vzal jako oděv a horlivostí se zahalil jako pláštěm. 18Podle činů odplatí zlobou svým protivníkům, odplatou svým nepřátelům. Ostrovům odplatí podle toho, co vykonaly. 19A budou se bát Hospodinova jména na západě a na východě slunce jeho slávy, když přijde jako vzedmutá řeka, kterou požene Hospodinův Duch. 20A na Sijón přijde vykupitel — k těm, kdo se v Jákobovi odvrátí od přestoupení, je Hospodinův výrok. 21Co se mne týče, toto je moje smlouva s nimi, praví Hospodin: Můj Duch, který je na tobě, a moje slova, která jsem vložil do tvých úst, se nevzdálí od úst tvých ani od úst tvého potomstva ani od úst potomstva tvého potomstva, praví Hospodin, od nynějška až navěky.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 THE PEOPLE'S SIN THE CAUSE OF JUDGMENTS: THEY AT LAST OWN IT THEMSELVES: THE REDEEMER'S FUTURE INTERPOSITION IN THEIR EXTREMITY. (Isa. 59:1-21)
hand . . . shortened--(See on
Ис 50:2).
ear heavy-- (
Ис 6:10).
2 hid--Hebrew, "caused Him to hide" (
Плач 3:44).
3 (
Ис 1:15;
Рим 3:13-
Рим 3:15).
hands . . . fingers--Not merely the "hands" perpetrate deeds of grosser enormity ("blood"), but the "fingers" commit more minute acts of "iniquity."
lips . . . tongue--The lips "speak" openly "lies," the tongue "mutters" malicious insinuations ("perverseness"; perverse misrepresentations of others) (
Иер 6:28;
Иер 9:4).
4 Rather, "No one calleth an adversary into court with justice," that is, None bringeth a just suit: "No one pleadeth with truth."
they trust . . . iniquity--(So
Иов 15:35;
Псал 7:14).
5 cockatrice--probably the basilisk serpent, cerastes. Instead of crushing evil in the egg, they foster it.
spider's web--This refers not to the spider's web being made to entrap, but to its thinness, as contrasted with substantial "garments," as
Ис 59:6 shows. Their works are vain and transitory (
Иов 8:14;
Прит 11:18).
eateth . . . their eggs--he who partakes in their plans, or has anything to do with them, finds them pestiferous.
that which is crushed--The egg, when it is broken, breaketh out as a viper; their plans, however specious in their undeveloped form like the egg, when developed, are found pernicious. Though the viper is viviparous (from which "vi-per" is derived), yet during gestation, the young are included in eggs, which break at the birth [BOCHART]; however, metaphors often combine things without representing everything to the life.
6 not . . . garments--like the "fig leaves" wherewith Adam and Eve vainly tried to cover their shame, as contrasted with "the coats of skins" which the Lord God made to clothe them with (
Ис 64:6;
Рим 13:14;
Гал 3:27;
Фил 3:9). The artificial self-deceiving sophisms of human philosophy (
1Тим 6:5;
2Тим 2:16,
2Тим 2:23).
7 feet--All their members are active in evil; in
Ис 59:3, the "hands, fingers, lips, and tongue," are specified.
run . . . haste-- (
Рим 3:15). Contrast David's "running and hasting" in the ways of God (
Псал 119:32,
Псал 119:60).
thoughts--not merely their acts, but their whole thoughts.
8 peace--whether in relation to God, to their own conscience, or to their fellow men (
Ис 57:20-
Ис 57:21).
judgment--justice.
crooked--the opposite of "straightforward" (
Прит 2:15;
Прит 28:18).
9 judgment far--retribution in kind because they had shown "no judgment in their goings" (
Ис 59:8). "The vindication of our just rights by God is withheld by Him from us."
us--In
Ис 59:8 and previous verses, it was "they," the third person; here, "us . . . we," the first person. The nation here speaks: God thus making them out of their own mouth condemn themselves; just as He by His prophet had condemned them before. Isaiah includes himself with his people and speaks in their name.
justice--God's justice bringing salvation (
Ис 46:13).
light--the dawn of returning prosperity.
obscurity--adversity (
Иер 8:15).
10 grope--fulfilling Moses' threat (
Втор 28:29).
stumble at noon . . . as . . . night--There is no relaxation of our evils; at the time when we might look for the noon of relief, there is still the night of our calamity.
in desolate places--rather, to suit the parallel words "at noonday," in fertile (literally, "fat";
Быт 27:28) fields [GESENIUS] (where all is promising) we are like the dead (who have no hope left them); or, where others are prosperous, we wander about as dead men; true of all unbelievers (
Ис 26:10;
Лк 15:17).
11 roar--moan plaintively, like a hungry bear which growls for food.
doves-- (
Ис 38:14;
Иез 7:16).
salvation--retribution in kind: because not salvation, but "destruction" was "in their paths" (
Ис 59:7).
12 (
Дан 9:5, &c.).
thee . . . us--antithesis.
with us--that is, we are conscious of them (
Иов 12:3, Margin;
Иов 15:9).
know--acknowledge they are our iniquities.
13 The particulars of the sins generally confessed in
Ис 59:12 (
Ис 48:8;
Иер 2:19-
Иер 2:20). The act, the word, and the thought of apostasy, are all here marked: transgression and departing, &c.; lying (compare
Ис 59:4), and speaking, &c.; conceiving and uttering from the heart.
14 Justice and righteousness are put away from our legal courts.
in the street--in the forum, the place of judicature, usually at the gate of the city (
Зах 8:16).
cannot enter--is shut out from the forum, or courts of justice.
15 faileth--is not to be found.
he that departeth . . . prey--He that will not fall in with the prevailing iniquity exposes himself as a prey to the wicked (
Псал 10:8-
Псал 10:9).
Lord saw it--The iniquity of Israel, so desperate as to require nothing short of Jehovah's interposition to mend it, typifies the same necessity for a Divine Mediator existing in the deep corruption of man; Israel, the model nation, was chosen to illustrate his awful fact.
16 no man--namely, to atone by his righteousness for the unrighteousness of the people. "Man" is emphatic, as in
3Цар 2:2; no representative man able to retrieve the cause of fallen men (
Ис 41:28;
Ис 63:5-
Ис 63:6;
Иер 5:1;
Иез 22:30).
no intercessor--no one to interpose, "to help . . . uphold" (
Ис 63:5).
his arm-- (
Ис 40:10;
Ис 51:5). Not man's arm, but His alone (
Псал 98:1;
Псал 44:3).
his righteousness--the "arm" of Messiah. He won the victory for us, not by mere might as God, but by His invincible righteousness, as man having "the Spirit without measure" (
Ис 11:5;
Ис 42:6,
Ис 42:21;
Ис 51:8;
Ис 53:11;
1Ин 2:1).
17 Messiah is represented as a warrior armed at all points, going forth to vindicate His people. Owing to the unity of Christ and His people, their armor is like His, except that they have no "garments of vengeance" (which is God's prerogative,
Рим 12:19), or "cloak of zeal" (in the sense of judicial fury punishing the wicked; this zeal belongs properly to God,
4Цар 10:16;
Рим 10:2;
Фил 3:6; "zeal," in the sense of anxiety for the Lord's honor, they have,
Чис 25:11,
Чис 25:13;
Псал 69:9;
2Кор 7:11;
2Кор 9:2); and for "salvation," which is of God alone (
Псал 3:8), they have as their helmet, "the hope of salvation" (
1Фес 5:8). The "helmet of salvation" is attributed to them (
Еф 6:14,
Еф 6:17) in a secondary sense; namely, derived from Him, and as yet only in hope, not fruition (
Рим 8:24). The second coming here, as often, is included in this representation of Messiah. His "zeal" (
Ин 2:15-
Ин 2:17) at His first coming was but a type of His zeal and vengeance against the foes of God at His second coming (
2Фес 1:8-10;
Откр 19:11-
Откр 19:21).
18 deeds--Hebrew, "recompenses"; "according as their deeds demand" [MAURER]. This verse predicts the judgments at the Lord's second coming, which shall precede the final redemption of His people (
Ис 66:18,
Ис 66:15-
Ис 66:16).
islands--(See on
Ис 41:1). Distant countries.
19 (
Ис 45:6;
Мал 1:11). The result of God's judgments (
Ис 26:9;
Ис 66:18-
Ис 66:20).
like a flood-- (
Иер 46:7-
Иер 46:8;
Откр 12:15).
lift up a standard--rather, from a different Hebrew root, "shall put him to flight," "drive him away" [MAURER]. LOWTH, giving a different sense to the Hebrew for "enemy" from that in
Ис 59:18, and a forced meaning to the Hebrew for "Spirit of the Lord," translates, "When He shall come as a river straitened in its course, which a mighty wind drives along."
20 to Zion--
Рим 11:26 quotes it, "out of Zion." Thus Paul, by inspiration, supplements the sense from
Псал 14:7 : He was, and is come to Zion, first with redemption, being sprung as man out of Zion. The Septuagint translates "for the sake of Zion." Paul applies this verse to the coming restoration of Israel spiritually.
them that turn from-- (
Рим 11:26). "shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob"; so the Septuagint, Paul herein gives the full sense under inspiration. They turn from transgression, because He first turns them from it, and it from them (
Псал 130:4;
Плач 5:21).
21 covenant with them . . . thee--The covenant is with Christ, and with them only as united to Him (
Евр 2:13). Jehovah addresses Messiah the representative and ideal Israel. The literal and spiritual Israel are His seed, to whom the promise is to be fulfilled (
Псал 22:30).
spirit . . . not depart . . . for ever-- (
Иер 31:31-
Иер 31:37;
Мф 28:20).
An ode of congratulation to Zion on her restoration at the Lord's second advent to her true position as the mother church from which the Gospel is to be diffused to the whole Gentile world; the first promulgation of the Gospel among the Gentiles, beginning at Jerusalem [
Лк 24:47], is an earnest of this. The language is too glorious to apply to anything that as yet has happened.