1ER redete zu Mosche, sprechend: 2Sende Männer aus vor dir her, daß sie das Land Kanaan durchspüren, das ich den Söhnen Jissraels gebe, je einen Mann, je einen Mann für den Stab seiner Väter sollt ihr entsenden, jeder unter ihnen ein Fürst. 3Mosche entsandte sie aus der Wüste Paran, auf SEIN Geheiß, alles Männer, Häupter der Söhne Jissraels waren sie. 4Und dies sind ihre Namen: für den Stab Ruben Schammua Sohn Sakkurs, 5für den Stab Schimon Schafat Sohn Choris, 6für den Stab Jehuda Kaleb Sohn Jefunnes, 7für den Stab Jissachar Jigal Sohn Jossefs, 8für den Stab Efrajim Hoschea Sohn Nuns, 9für den Stab Binjamin Palti Sohn Rafus, 10für den Stab Sbulun Gaddďel Sohn Ssodis, 11für den Stab Jossef: für den Stab Mnasche Gaddi Sohn Ssussis, 12für den Stab Dan Ammďel Sohn Gmallis, 13für den Stab Ascher Stur Sohn Michaels, 14für den Stab Naftali Nachbi Sohn Wofssis, 15für den Stab Gad Guel Sohn Machis. 16Dies die Namen der Männer, die Mosche entsandte das Land zu durchspüren. Den Hoschea Sohn Nuns aber rief Mosche Jehoschua. 17Mosche entsandte sie, das Land Kanaan zu durchspüren, er sprach zu ihnen: Zieht hier im Südstrich hinauf, hinauf zieht durchs Gebirge, 18beseht das Land, wie es ist: das Volk, das darauf siedelt, ob es stark ist ob schlaff, ob sein wenig ist oder viel, 19und wie das Land ist, in dem es siedelt, ob es gut ist oder schlecht, und wie die Städte sind, in denen es siedelt, ob in Lagern oder in Befestigungen, 20und wie der Landboden ist, ob er fett ist oder mager, ob es Baumwuchs darin gibt oder keinen. Macht euch stark! Nehmt auch von der Frucht des Landes! Die Tage aber waren die Tage der Erstlingsweinbeeren. 21Sie zogen hinauf, sie durchspürten das Land, von der Wüste Zin bis Rchob, wo man nach Chamat kommt. 22Sie zogen im Südstrich hinauf, einer kam bis Hebron, dort waren Achiman, Scheschai und Talmai, Anaks Erzeugte; Hebron aber war sieben Jahre vor Zoan in Ägypten erbaut. 23Sie kamen bis zum Traubental, von dort schnitten sie eine Ranke ab und eine einzige Traube Weinbeeren, die trugen sie an einer Stange zu zweien, dazu von den Granatäpfeln und von den Feigen. 24Diesen Ort rief man Traubental, wegen der Traube, die von dort die Söhne Jissraels geschnitten hatten. 25Sie kehrten zurück vom Durchspüren des Lands nach Ablauf von vierzig Tagen, 26sie gingen, kamen zu Mosche und zu Aharon und zu aller Gemeinschaft der Söhne Jissraels, zur Wüste Paran, nach Kadesch, sie brachten ihnen Rede zurück und aller Gemeinschaft, ließen sie die Frucht des Landes sehn. 27Sie erzählten ihm, sie sprachen: Wir sind in das Land gekommen, wohin du uns sandtest. Wohl, Milch und Honig träuft es, und dies ist seine Frucht. 28Nur daß trotzig das Volk ist, das im Lande siedelt, die Städte befestigt, sehr groß, auch Anaks Erzeugte haben wir dort gesehn. 29Amalek sitzt im Südland, der Chetiter, der Jebussiter, der Amoriter sitzt im Gebirge, der Kanaaniter sitzt ans Meer und an der Seite des Jordans. 30Kaleb wollte das Volk beschwichtigen, Mosche zu, er sprach: Hinauf, hinauf laßt uns ziehn, wir werden es ererben, denn wir übermögen es, übermögen! 31Aber die Männer, die mit ihm hinaufgezogen waren, sprachen: Wir vermögen nicht, gegen das Volk hinaufzuziehn, denn es ist uns zu stark. 32Sie gaben Gerücht aus von dem Land, das sie durchspürt hatten, unter den Söhnen Jissraels, sprechend: Das Land, das wir durchwanderten, es auszuspüren, das ist ein Land, das seine Insassen frißt, alles Volk, das wir darin sahn, sind Leute von Übermaß, 33die Riesen haben wir dort gesehen: die Anaksöhne, von den Riesen, wir waren in unsern Augen wie Grillen, und so waren wir in ihren Augen.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 THE NAMES OF THE MEN WHO WERE SENT TO SEARCH THE LAND. (Num. 13:1-33)
The Lord spake unto Moses, Send thou men, that they may search the land, of Canaan--Compare
Втор 1:22, whence it appears, that while the proposal of delegating confidential men from each tribe to explore the land of Canaan emanated from the people who petitioned for it, the measure received the special sanction of God, who granted their request at once as a trial, and a punishment of their distrust.
3 those men were heads of the children of Israel--Not the princes who are named (
Чис 10:14-
Чис 10:16,
Чис 10:18-
Чис 10:20,
Чис 10:22-
Чис 10:27), but chiefs, leading men though not of the first rank.
16 Oshea--that is, "a desire of salvation." Jehoshua, by prefixing the name of God, means "divinely appointed," "head of salvation," "Saviour," the same as Jesus [
Мф 1:21, Margin].
17 Get you up this way . . . , and go up into the mountain--Mount Seir (
Втор 1:2), which lay directly from Sinai across the wilderness of Paran, in a northeasterly direction into the southern parts of the promised land.
20 Now the time was the time of the first grapes--This was in August, when the first clusters are gathered. The second are gathered in September, and the third in October. The spies' absence for a period of forty days determines the grapes they brought from Eshcol to have been of the second period.
21 So they . . . searched the land--They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land.
the wilderness of Zin--a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba.
Rehob--or, Beth-rehob, was a city and district situated, according to some, eastward of Sidon; and, according to others, it is the same as El Hule, an extensive and fertile champaign country, at the foot of Anti-libanus, a few leagues below Paneas.
as men come to Hamath--or, "the entering in of Hamath" (
4Цар 14:25), now the valley of Balbeck, a mountain pass or opening in the northern frontier, which formed the extreme limit in that direction of the inheritance of Israel. From the mention of these places, the route of the scouts appears to have been along the course of the Jordan in their advance; and their return was by the western border through the territories of the Sidonians and Philistines.
22 unto Hebron--situated in the heart of the mountains of Judah, in the southern extremity of Palestine. The town or "cities of Hebron," as it is expressed in the Hebrew, consists of a number of sheikdoms distinct from each other, standing at the foot of one of those hills that form a bowl round and enclose it. "The children of Anak" mentioned in this verse seem to have been also chiefs of townships; and this coincidence of polity, existing in ages so distant from each other, is remarkable [VERE MONRO]. Hebron (Kirjath Arba,
Быт 23:2) was one of the oldest cities in the world.
Zoan--(the Tanis of the Greeks) was situated on one of the eastern branches of the Nile, near the lake Menzala, and was the early royal residence of the Pharaohs. It boasted a higher antiquity than any other city in Egypt. Its name, which signifies flat and level, is descriptive of its situation in the low grounds of the Delta.
23 they came unto the brook of Eshcol--that is, "the torrent of the cluster." Its location was a little to the southwest of Hebron. The valley and its sloping hills are still covered with vineyards, the character of whose fruit corresponds to its ancient celebrity.
and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes--The grapes reared in this locality are still as magnificent as formerly--they are said by one to be equal in size to prunes, and compared by another to a man's thumb. One cluster sometimes weighs ten or twelve pounds. The mode of carrying the cluster cut down by the spies, though not necessary from its weight, was evidently adopted to preserve it entire as a specimen of the productions of the promised land; and the impression made by the sight of it would be all the greater because the Israelites were familiar only with the scanty vines and small grapes of Egypt.
26 they came . . . to Kadesh--an important encampment of the Israelites. But its exact situation is not definitely known, nor is it determined whether it is the same or a different place from Kadesh-barnea. It is supposed to be identical with Ain-el-Weibeh, a famous spring on the eastern side of the desert [ROBINSON], or also with Petra [STANLEY].
27 they told him, and said, We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey--The report was given publicly in the audience of the people, and it was artfully arranged to begin their narrative with commendations of the natural fertility of the country in order that their subsequent slanders might the more readily receive credit.
29 The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south--Their territory lay between the Dead and the Red Seas, skirting the borders of Canaan.
Hittites . . . dwell in the mountains--Their settlements were in the southern and mountainous part of Palestine (
Быт 23:7).
the Canaanites dwell by the sea--The remnant of the original inhabitants, who had been dispossessed by the Philistines, were divided into two nomadic hordes--one settled eastward near the Jordan; the other westward, by the Mediterranean.
32 a land that eateth up the inhabitants--that is, an unhealthy climate and country. Jewish writers say that in the course of their travels they saw a great many funerals, vast numbers of the Canaanites being cut off at that time, in the providence of God, by a plague or the hornet (
Навин 24:12).
men of a great stature--This was evidently a false and exaggerated report, representing, from timidity or malicious artifice, what was true of a few as descriptive of the people generally.
33 there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak--The name is derived from the son of Arba, a great man among the Arabians (
Навин 15:14), who probably obtained his appellation from wearing a splendid collar or chain round his neck, as the word imports. The epithet "giant" evidently refers here to stature. (See on
Быт 6:4). And it is probable the Anakims were a distinguished family, or perhaps a select body of warriors, chosen for their extraordinary size.
we were in our own sight as grasshoppers--a strong Orientalism, by which the treacherous spies gave an exaggerated report of the physical strength of the people of Canaan.