1A tak, bratří moji milí a přežádoucí, radost a koruno má, tak stůjte v Pánu, milí. 2Evody prosím, i Syntychény prosím, aby jednostejně smyslily v Pánu. 3Ano i tebe prosím, tovaryši můj vlastní, budiž jim pomocen, kteréžto v evangelium spolu se mnou pracovaly, i spolu s Klimentem a s jinými pomocníky mými, jejichž jména jsou v knize života. 4Radujte se v Pánu vždycky; opět pravím, radujte se. 5Mírnost vaše známa buď všechněm lidem. Pán blízko. 6O nic nebuďte pečliví, ale ve všech věcech skrze modlitbu a poníženou žádost s díků činěním prosby vaše známy buďte Bohu. 7A pokoj Boží, kterýž převyšuje všeliký rozum, hájiti bude srdcí vašich i smyslů vašich v Kristu Ježíši. 8Dále pak, bratří, kterékoli věci jsou pravé, kterékoli poctivé, kterékoli spravedlivé, kterékoli čisté, kterékoli milé, kterékoli dobropověstné, jestli která ctnost, a jestli která chvála, o těch věcech přemyšlujte. 9Kterýmž jste se i naučili, je i přijali, a slyšeli i viděli na mně. Ty věci čiňte, a Bůh pokoje budeť s vámi. 10Zradoval jsem se v Pánu velice, že již opět zase rozzelenala se péče vaše o mne. Načež však byli jste myslili, ale nedostalo se vám příhodného času. 11Ne proto, že bych jakou nouzi měl, toto pravím; nebo já naučil jsem se dosti míti na tom, což mám. 12Umímť i snížen býti, umím také i hojnost míti; všudy a ve všech věcech pocvičen jsem, i nasycen býti i lačněti, totiž hojnost míti i nouzi trpěti. 13Všecko mohu v Kristu, kterýž mne posiluje. 14A však dobře jste učinili, obcovavše mému ssoužení. 15Víte pak i vy, Filipenští, že při počátku evangelium, když jsem šel z Macedonie, žádný zbor neudělil mi z strany dání a vzetí, než vy sami. 16Ano i do Tessaloniky jednou i podruhé, čehož jsem potřeboval, poslali jste mi. 17Ne proto že bych hledal darů, ale hledám užitku hojného k vašemu prospěchu. 18Přijalť jsem pak všecko, a hojněť mám, naplněnť jsem, vzav od Epafrodita to, což posláno od vás, vůni sladkosti, obět vzácnou a libou Bohu. 19Bůh pak můj naplníť všelikou potřebu vaši podlé bohatství svého slavně v Kristu Ježíši. 20Bohu pak a Otci našemu sláva na věky věků. Amen. 21Pozdravtež všech svatých v Kristu Ježíši. Pozdravujíť vás bratří, kteříž jsou se mnou. 22Pozdravujíť vás všickni svatí, zvláště pak ti, kteříž jsou z domu císařova. 23Milost Pána našeho Jezukrista se všechněmi vámi. Amen.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 EXHORTATIONS: THANKS FOR THE SUPPLY FROM PHILIPPI: GREETING; AND CLOSING BENEDICTION. (Phi. 4:1-23)
"Wherefore"; since we have such a glorious hope (
Φιλ. 3:20-
Φιλ. 3:21).
dearly beloved--repeated again at the close of the verse, implying that his great love to them should be a motive to their obedience.
longed for--"yearned after" in your absence (
Φιλ. 1:8).
crown--in the day of the Lord (
Φιλ. 2:16;
1Θεσ. 2:19).
so--as I have admonished you.
stand fast-- (
Φιλ. 1:27).
2 Euodia and Syntyche were two women who seem to have been at variance; probably deaconesses of the church. He repeats, "I beseech," as if he would admonish each separately, and with the utmost impartiality.
in the Lord--the true element of Christian union; for those "in the Lord" by faith to be at variance, is an utter inconsistency.
3 And--Greek, "Yea."
true yoke-fellow--yoked with me in the same Gospel yoke (
Ματθ. 11:29-
Ματθ. 11:30; compare
1Τιμ. 5:17-18). Either Timothy, Silas (
Πράξ. 15:40;
Πράξ. 16:19, at Philippi), or the chief bishop of Philippi. Or else the Greek, "Sunzugus," or "Synzygus," is a proper name: "Who art truly, as thy name means, a yoke-fellow." Certainly not Paul's wife, as
1Κορ. 9:5 implies he had none.
help those women--rather, as Greek, "help them," namely, Euodia and Syntyche. "Co-operate with them" [BIRKS]; or as ALFORD, "Help in the work of their reconciliation."
which laboured with me--"inasmuch as they labored with me." At Philippi, women were the first hearers of the Gospel, and Lydia the first convert. It is a coincidence which marks genuineness, that in this Epistle alone, special instructions are given to women who labored with Paul in the Gospel. In selecting the first teachers, those first converted would naturally be fixed on. Euodia and Syntyche were doubtless two of "the women who resorted to the riverside, where prayer was wont to be made" (
Πράξ. 16:13), and being early converted, would naturally take an active part in teaching other women called at a later period; of course not in public preaching, but in a less prominent sphere (
1Τιμ. 2:11-12).
Clement--bishop of Rome shortly after the death of Peter and Paul. His Epistle from the Church of Rome to the Church of Corinth is extant. It makes no mention of the supremacy of the See of Peter. He was the most eminent of the apostolical fathers. ALFORD thinks that the Clement here was a Philippian, and not necessarily Clement, bishop of Rome. But ORIGEN [Commentary,
Ιωάν. 1:29] identifies the Clement here with the bishop of Rome.
in the book of life--the register-book of those whose "citizenship is in heaven" (
Λουκ. 10:20;
Φιλ. 3:20). Anciently, free cities had a roll book containing the names of all those having the right of citizenship (compare
Έξ. 32:32;
Ψαλ. 69:28;
Ιεζ. 13:9;
Δαν. 12:1;
Αποκ. 20:12;
Αποκ. 21:27).
4 (
Ησ. 61:10.)
alway--even amidst the afflictions now distressing you (
Φιλ. 1:28-
Φιλ. 1:30).
again--as he had already said, "Rejoice" (
Φιλ. 3:1). Joy is the predominant feature of the Epistle.
I say--Greek, rather, "I will say."
5 moderation--from a Greek root, "to yield," whence yieldingness [TRENCH]; or from a root, "it is fitting," whence "reasonableness of dealing" [ALFORD], that considerateness for others, not urging one's own rights to the uttermost, but waiving a part, and thereby rectifying the injustices of justice. The archetype of this grace is God, who presses not the strictness of His law against us as we deserve (
Ψαλ. 130:3-
Ψαλ. 130:4); though having exacted the fullest payment for us from our Divine Surety. There are included in "moderation," candor and kindliness. Joy in the Lord raises us above rigorism towards others (
Φιλ. 4:5), and carefulness (
Φιλ. 4:6) as to one's own affairs. Sadness produces morose harshness towards others, and a troublesome spirit in ourselves.
Let . . . be known--that is, in your conduct to others, let nothing inconsistent with "moderation" be seen. Not a precept to make a display of moderation. Let this grace "be known" to men in acts; let "your requests be made to God" in word (
Φιλ. 4:6).
unto all men--even to the "perverse" (
Φιλ. 2:15), that so ye may win them. Exercise "forbearance" even to your persecutors. None is so ungracious as not to be kindly to someone, from some motive or another, on some occasion; the believer is to be so "unto all men" at all times.
The Lord is at hand--The Lord's coming again speedily is the grand motive to every Christian grace (
Ιακ. 5:8-
Ιακ. 5:9). Harshness to others (the opposite of "moderation") would be taking into our own hands prematurely the prerogatives of judging, which belongs to the Lord alone (
1Κορ. 4:5); and so provoking God to judge us by the strict letter of the law (
Ιακ. 2:12-
Ιακ. 2:13).
6 Translate, "Be anxious about nothing." Care and prayer are as mutually opposed as fire and water [BENGEL].
by prayer and supplication--Greek, "by the prayer and the supplication" appropriate to each case [ALFORD]. Prayer for blessings; and the general term. Supplication, to avert ills; a special term, suppliant entreaty (see on
Εφεσ. 6:18).
thanksgiving--for every event, prosperity and affliction alike (
1Θεσ. 5:18;
Ιακ. 5:13). The Philippians might remember Paul's example at Philippi when in the innermost prison (
Πράξ. 16:25). Thanksgiving gives effect to prayer (
2Χρ. 20:21), and frees from anxious carefulness by making all God's dealings matter for praise, not merely for resignation, much less murmuring. "Peace" is the companion of "thanksgiving" (
Φιλ. 4:7;
Κολ. 3:15).
let your requests be made known unto God--with generous, filial, unreserved confidence; not keeping aught back, as too great, or else too small, to bring before God, though you might feel so as to your fellow men. So Jacob, when fearing Esau (
Γέν. 32:9-
Γέν. 32:12); Hezekiah fearing Sennacherib (
2Βασ. 19:14;
Ψαλ. 37:5).
7 And--The inseparable consequence of thus laying everything before God in "prayer with thanksgiving."
peace--the dispeller of "anxious care" (
Φιλ. 4:6).
of God--coming from God, and resting in God (
Ιωάν. 14:27;
Ιωάν. 16:33;
Κολ. 3:15).
passeth--surpasseth, or exceedeth, all man's notional powers of understanding its full blessedness (
1Κορ. 2:9-10;
Εφεσ. 3:20; compare
Παρ. 3:17).
shall keep--rather, "shall guard"; shall keep as a well-garrisoned stronghold (
Ησ. 26:1,
Ησ. 26:3). The same Greek verb is used in
1Πέτ. 1:5. There shall be peace secure within, whatever outward troubles may besiege.
hearts and minds--rather, "hearts (the seat of the thoughts) and thoughts" or purposes.
through--rather as Greek, "in Christ Jesus." It is in Christ that we are "kept" or "guarded" secure.
8 Summary of all his exhortations as to relative duties, whether as children or parents, husbands or wives, friends, neighbors, men in the intercourse of the world, &c.
true--sincere, in words.
honest--Old English for "seemly," namely, in action; literally, grave, dignified.
just--towards others.
pure--"chaste," in relation to ourselves.
lovely--lovable (compare
Μάρκ. 10:21;
Λουκ. 7:4-
Λουκ. 7:5).
of good report--referring to the absent (
Φιλ. 1:27); as "lovely" refers to what is lovable face to face.
if there be any virtue--"whatever virtue there is" [ALFORD]. "Virtue," the standing word in heathen ethics, is found once only in Paul's Epistles, and once in Peter's (
2Πέτ. 1:5); and this in uses different from those in heathen authors. It is a term rather earthly and human, as compared with the names of the spiritual graces which Christianity imparts; hence the rarity of its occurrence in the New Testament. Piety and true morality are inseparable. Piety is love with its face towards God; morality is love with its face towards man. Despise not anything that is good in itself; only let it keep its due place.
praise--whatever is praiseworthy; not that Christians should make man's praise their aim (compare
Ιωάν. 12:43); but they should live so as to deserve men's praise.
think on--have a continual regard to, so as to "do" these things (
Φιλ. 4:9) whenever the occasion arises.
9 both--rather, "The things also which ye have learned . . . these practice"; the things which besides recommending them in words, have been also recommended by my example, carry into practice.
heard--though ye have not yet sufficiently "received" them.
seen--though ye have not as yet sufficiently "learned" them [BENGEL].
and--"and then," as the necessary result (
Φιλ. 4:7). Not only "the peace of God," but "the God of peace" Himself "shall be with you."
10 But--transitional conjunction. But "now" to pass to another subject.
in the Lord--He views everything with reference to Christ.
at the last--"at last"; implying he was expecting their gift, not from a selfish view, but as a "fruit" of their faith, and to "abound" to their account (
Φιλ. 4:11,
Φιλ. 4:17). Though long in coming, owing to Epaphroditus' sickness and other delays, he does not imply their gift was too late.
your care . . . hath flourished again--Greek, "Ye have flourished again (revived, as trees sprouting forth again in spring) in your care for me."
wherein ye were also careful--in respect to which (revival, namely, the sending of a supply to me) "ye were also (all along) careful, but ye lacked opportunity"; whether from want of means or want of a messenger. Your "lack of service" (
Φιλ. 2:30), was owing to your having "lacked opportunity."
11 I have learned--The I in Greek is emphatical. I leave it to others if they will, to be discontented. I, for my part, have learned, by the teaching of the Holy Spirit, and the dealings of Providence (
Εβρ. 5:8), to be content in every state.
content--The Greek, literally expresses "independent of others, and having sufficiency in one's self." But Christianity has raised the term above the haughty self-sufficiency of the heathen Stoic to the contentment of the Christian, whose sufficiency is not in self, but in God (
2Κορ. 3:5;
1Τιμ. 6:6,
1Τιμ. 6:8;
Εβρ. 13:5; compare
Ιερ. 2:36;
Ιερ. 45:5).
12 abased--in low circumstances (
2Κορ. 4:8;
2Κορ. 6:9-10).
everywhere--rather, "in each, and in all things" [ALFORD].
instructed--in the secret. Literally, "initiated" in a secret teaching, which is a mystery unknown to the world.
13 I can do all things--Greek, "I have strength for all things"; not merely "how to be abased and how to abound." After special instances he declares his universal power--how triumphantly, yet how humbly! [MEYER].
through Christ which strengtheneth me--The oldest manuscripts omit "Christ"; then translate, "In Him who giveth me power," that is, by virtue of my living union and identification with Him, who is my strength (
Γαλ. 2:20). Compare
1Τιμ. 1:12, whence probably, "Christ" was inserted here by transcribers.
14 He here guards against their thinking from what he has just said, that he makes light of their bounty.
ye did communicate with my affliction--that is, ye made yourselves sharers with me in my present affliction, namely, by sympathy; of which sympathy your contribution is the proof.
15 Now--"Moreover." Arrange as Greek, "Ye also know (as well as I do myself)."
in the beginning of the gospel--dating from the Philippian Christian era; at the first preaching of the Gospel at Philippi.
when I departed from Macedonia-- (
Πράξ. 17:14). The Philippians had followed Paul with their bounty when he left Macedonia and came to Corinth.
2Κορ. 11:8-9 thus accords with the passage here, the dates assigned to the donation in both Epistles agreeing; namely, "in the beginning of the Gospel" here, and there, at the time of his first visit to Corinth [PALEY, Horć Paulinć]. However, the supply meant here is not that which he received at Corinth, but the supply sent to him when "in Thessalonica, once and again" (
Φιλ. 4:16), [ALFORD].
as concerning giving and receiving--In the account between us, "the giving" was all on your part; "the receiving" all on mine.
ye only--We are not to wait for others in a good work, saying, "I will do so, when others do it." We must go forward, though alone.
16 even in Thessalonica--"even" as early as when I had got no further than Thessalonica, ye sent me supplies for my necessities more than once.
17 a gift--Greek, "the gift." Translate, "It is not that I seek after the gift, but I do seek after the fruit that aboundeth to your account"; what I do seek is your spiritual good, in the abounding of fruits of your faith which shall be put down to your account, against the day of reward (
Εβρ. 6:10).
18 But--Though "the gift" is not what I chiefly "seek after" (
Φιλ. 4:17), yet I am grateful for the gift, and hereby acknowledge it as ample for all my needs. Translate, "I have all" that I want, "and more than enough." Literally, as English Version, "I abound" over and above my needs.
I am full--Greek, "I am filled full."
the odour of a sweet smell--(See on
Εφεσ. 5:2). The figure is drawn from the sweet-smelling incense which was burnt along with the sacrifices; their gift being in faith was not so much to Paul, as to God (
Ματθ. 25:40), before whom it "came up for a memorial" (
Πράξ. 10:4), sweet-smelling in God's presence (
Γέν. 8:21;
Αποκ. 8:3-
Αποκ. 8:4).
sacrifice acceptable-- (
Εβρ. 13:16).
19 my--Paul calls God here "my God," to imply that God would reward their bounty to HIS servant, by "fully supplying" (translate so, literally, fill to the full) their every "need" (
2Κορ. 9:8), even as they had "fully" supplied his "need" (
Φιλ. 4:16,
Φιλ. 4:18). My Master will fully repay you; I cannot. The Philippians invested their bounty well since it got them such a glorious return.
according to his riches--The measure of His supply to you will be the immeasurable "riches of His grace" (
Εφεσ. 1:7).
in glory--These words belong to the whole sentence. "Glory" is the element in which His rich grace operates; and it will be the element IN which He will "supply fully all your need."
by Christ Jesus--by virtue of your being "IN" (so Greek, not "by") Christ Jesus, the Giver and Mediator of all spiritual blessings.
20 God and our Father--Translate, "Unto our God and Father."
be glory--rather as the Greek, "be the glory." Not to us, but to Him be "the glory" alike of your gift, and of His gracious recompense to you.
21 Salute every saint--individually.
greet--salute you.
The brethren which are with me--Perhaps Jewish believers are meant (
Πράξ. 28:21). I think
Φιλ. 2:20 precludes our thinking of "closer friends," "colleagues in the ministry" [ALFORD]; he had only one close friend with him, namely, Timothy.
22 they that are of Cćsar's household--the slaves and dependents of Nero who had been probably converted through Paul's teaching while he was a prisoner in the Prćtorian barrack attached to the palace. Philippi was a Roman "colony," hence there might arise a tie between the citizens of the mother city and those of the colony; especially between those of both cities who were Christians, converted as many of them were by the same apostle, and under like circumstances, he having been imprisoned at Philippi, as he now is at Rome.
23 (
Γαλ. 6:18).
be with you all. Amen--The oldest manuscripts read, "Be with your spirit," and omit "Amen."