1Tedy odpovídaje Elifaz Temanský, řekl: 2Zdali moudrý vynášeti má umění povětrné, aneb naplňovati východním větrem břicho své, 3Hádaje se slovy neprospěšnými, aneb řečmi neužitečnými? 4Anobrž vyprazdňuješ i bázeň Boží, a modliteb k Bohu činiti se zbraňuješ. 5Osvědčujíť zajisté nepravost tvou ústa tvá, ač jsi koli sobě zvolil jazyk chytrých. 6Potupují tě ústa tvá, a ne já, a rtové tvoji svědčí proti tobě. 7Zdaliž ty nejprv z lidí zplozen jsi, aneb prvé než pahrbkové sformován? 8Zdaliž jsi tajemství Boží slyšel, že u sebe zavíráš moudrost? 9Co víš, čehož bychom nevěděli? Čemu rozumíš, aby toho při nás nebylo? 10I šedivýť i stařec mezi námi jest, ano i starší věkem než otec tvůj. 11Zdali malá jsou tobě potěšování Boha silného, čili něco je zastěňuje tobě? 12Tak-liž tě jalo srdce tvé, a tak-liž blíkají oči tvé, 13Že smíš odpovídati Bohu silnému tak pyšně, a vypouštěti z úst svých ty řeči? 14Nebo což jest člověk, aby se mohl očistiti, aneb spravedliv býti narozený z ženy? 15An při svatých jeho není dokonalosti, a nebesa nejsou čistá před očima jeho, 16Nadto ohavný a neužitečný člověk, kterýž pije nepravost jako vodu. 17Já oznámím tobě, poslyš mne; to zajisté, což jsem viděl, vypravovati budu, 18Což moudří vynesli a nezatajili, slýchavše od předků svých. 19Jimž samým dána byla země, aniž přejíti mohl cizí prostředkem jejich. 20Po všecky své dny bezbožný sám se bolestí trápí, po všecka, pravím léta, skrytá před ukrutníkem. 21Zvuk strachu jest v uších jeho, že i v čas pokoje zhoubce připadne na něj. 22Nevěří, by se měl navrátiti z temností, ustavičně očekávaje na sebe meče. 23Bývá i tulákem, chleba hledaje, kde by byl, cítě, že pro něj nastrojen jest den temností. 24Děsí jej nátisk a ssoužení, kteréž se silí proti němu, jako král s vojskem sšikovaným. 25Nebo vztáhl proti Bohu silnému ruku svou, a proti Všemohoucímu postavil se. 26Útok učinil na něj, na šíji jeho s množstvím zdvižených štítů svých. 27Nebo přiodíl tvář svou tukem svým, tak že se mu nadělalo faldů na slabinách. 28A bydlil v městech zkažených, a v domích, v nichž žádný nebydlil, kteráž v hromady rumu obrácena byla. 29Avšak nezbohatneť, aniž stane moc jeho, aniž se rozšíří na zemi dokonalost takových. 30Nevyjde z temností, mladistvou ratolest jeho usuší plamen, a tak zahyne od ducha úst svých. 31Ale nevěří, že v marnosti jest ten, jenž bloudí, a že marnost bude směna jeho. 32Před časem svým vyťat bude, a ratolest jeho nebude se zelenati. 33Zmaří, jako vinný kmen nezralý hrozen svůj, a svrže květ svůj jako oliva. 34Nebo shromáždění pokrytce spustne, a oheň spálí stany oslepených dary. 35Kteřížto když počali ssužování, a porodili nepravost, hned břicho jejich strojí jinou lest.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 2 SECOND SPEECH OF ELIPHAZ. (Job 15:1-35)
a wise man--which Job claims to be.
vain knowledge--Hebrew, "windy knowledge"; literally, "of wind" (
Job 8:2). In
Eccl 1:14, Hebrew, "to catch wind," expresses to strive for what is vain.
east wind--stronger than the previous "wind," for in that region the east wind is the most destructive of winds (
Isa 27:8). Thus here,--empty violence.
belly--the inward parts, the breast (
Pro 18:8).
4 fear--reverence for God (
Job 4:6;
Ps 2:11).
prayer--meditation, in
Ps 104:34; so devotion. If thy views were right, reasons Eliphaz, that God disregards the afflictions of the righteous and makes the wicked to prosper, all devotion would be at an end.
5 The sophistry of thine own speeches proves thy guilt.
6 No pious man would utter such sentiments.
7 That is, Art thou wisdom personified? Wisdom existed before the hills; that is, the eternal Son of God (
Pro 8:25;
Ps 90:2). Wast thou in existence before Adam? The farther back one existed, the nearer he was to the Eternal Wisdom.
8 secret--rather, "Wast thou a listener in the secret council of God?" The Hebrew means properly the cushions of a divan on which counsellors in the East usually sit. God's servants are admitted to God's secrets (
Ps 25:14;
Gen 18:17;
John 15:15).
restrain--Rather, didst thou take away, or borrow, thence (namely, from the divine secret council) thy wisdom? Eliphaz in this (
Job 15:8-
Job 15:9) retorts Job's words upon himself (
Job 12:2-
Job 12:3;
Job 13:2).
9 in us--or, "with us," Hebraism for "we are aware of."
10 On our side, thinking with us are the aged. Job had admitted that wisdom is with them (
Job 12:12). Eliphaz seems to have been himself older than Job; perhaps the other two were also (
Job 32:6). Job, in
Job 30:1, does not refer to his three friends; it therefore forms no objection. The Arabs are proud of fulness of years.
11 consolations--namely, the revelation which Eliphaz had stated as a consolatory reproof to Job, and which he repeats in
Job 15:14.
secret--Hast thou some secret wisdom and source of consolation, which makes thee disregard those suggested by me? (
Job 15:8). Rather, from a different Hebrew root, Is the word of kindness or gentleness addressed by me treated by thee as valueless? [UMBREIT].
12 wink--that is, why do thy eyes evince pride? (
Pro 6:13;
Ps 35:19).
13 That is, frettest against God and lettest fall rash words.
14 Eliphaz repeats the revelation (
Job 4:17) in substance, but using Job's own words (see on
Job 14:1, on "born of a woman") to strike him with his own weapons.
15 Repeated from
Job 4:18; "servants" there are "saints" here; namely, holy angels.
heavens--literally, or else answering to "angels" (see on
Job 4:18, and
Job 25:5).
16 filthy--in Arabic "sour" (
Ps 14:3;
Ps 53:3), corrupted from his original purity.
drinketh-- (
Pro 19:28).
17 In direct contradiction of Job's position (
Job 12:6, &c.), that the lot of the wicked was the most prosperous here, Eliphaz appeals (1) to his own experience, (2) to the wisdom of the ancients.
18 Rather, "and which as handed down from their fathers, they have not concealed."
19 Eliphaz speaks like a genuine Arab when he boasts that his ancestors had ever possessed the land unmixed with foreigners [UMBREIT]. His words are intended to oppose Job's (
Job 9:24); "the earth" in their case was not "given into the hand of the wicked." He refers to the division of the earth by divine appointment (
Gen 10:5;
Gen 25:32). Also he may insinuate that Job's sentiments had been corrupted from original purity by his vicinity to the Sabeans and Chaldeans [ROSENMULLER].
20 travaileth--rather, "trembleth of himself," though there is no real danger [UMBREIT].
and the number of his years, &c.--This gives the reason why the wicked man trembles continually; namely, because he knows not the moment when his life must end.
21 An evil conscience conceives alarm at every sudden sound, though it be in a time of peace ("prosperity"), when there is no real danger (
Lev 26:36;
Pro 28:1;
2Kgs 7:6).
22 darkness--namely, danger or calamity. Glancing at Job, who despaired of restoration: in contrast to good men when in darkness (
Mic 7:8-
Mic 7:9).
waited for of--that is, He is destined for the sword [GESENIUS]. Rather (in the night of danger), "he looks anxiously towards the sword," as if every sword was drawn against him [UMBREIT].
23 Wandereth in anxious search for bread. Famine in Old Testament depicts sore need (
Isa 5:13). Contrast the pious man's lot (
Job 5:20-
Job 5:22).
knoweth--has the firm conviction. Contrast the same word applied to the pious (
Job 5:24-
Job 5:25).
ready at his hand--an Arabic phrase to denote a thing's complete readiness and full presence, as if in the hand.
24 prevail--break upon him suddenly and terribly, as a king, &c. (
Pro 6:11).
25 stretcheth . . . hand--wielding the spear, as a bold rebel against God (
Job 9:4;
Isa 27:4).
26 on his neck--rather, "with outstretched neck," namely, that of the rebel [UMBREIT] (
Ps 75:5).
upon . . . bucklers--rather, "with--his (the rebel's, not God's) bucklers." The rebel and his fellows are depicted as joining shields together, to form a compact covering over their heads against the weapons hurled on them from a fortress [UMBREIT and GESENIUS].
27 The well-nourished body of the rebel is the sign of his prosperity.
collops--masses of fat. He pampers and fattens himself with sensual indulgences; hence his rebellion against God (
Deut 32:15;
1Sam 2:29).
28 The class of wicked here described is that of robbers who plunder "cities," and seize on the houses of the banished citizens (
Isa 13:20). Eliphaz chooses this class because Job had chosen the same (
Job 12:6).
heaps--of ruins.
29 Rather, he shall not increase his riches; he has reached his highest point; his prosperity shall not continue.
perfection--rather, "His acquired wealth--what he possesses--shall not be extended," &c.
30 depart--that is, escape (
Job 15:22-
Job 15:23).
branches--namely, his offspring (
Job 1:18-
Job 1:19;
Ps 37:35).
dry up--The "flame" is the sultry wind in the East by which plants most full of sap are suddenly shrivelled.
his mouth--that is, God's wrath (
Isa 11:4).
31 Rather, "let him not trust in vanity or he will be deceived," &c.
vanity--that which is unsubstantial. Sin is its own punishment (
Pro 1:31;
Jer 2:19).
32 Literally, "it (the tree to which he is compared,
Job 15:30, or else his life) shall not be filled up in its time"; that is, "he shall be ended before his time."
shall not be green--image from a withered tree; the childless extinction of the wicked.
33 Images of incompleteness. The loss of the unripe grapes is poetically made the vine tree's own act, in order to express more pointedly that the sinner's ruin is the fruit of his own conduct (
Isa 3:11;
Jer 6:19).
34 Rather, The binding together of the hypocrites (wicked) shall be fruitless [UMBREIT].
tabernacles of bribery--namely, dwellings of unjust judges, often reprobated in the Old Testament (
Isa 1:23). The "fire of God" that consumed Job's possessions (
Job 1:16) Eliphaz insinuates may have been on account of Job's bribery as an Arab sheik or emir.
35 Bitter irony, illustrating the "unfruitfulness" (
Job 15:34) of the wicked. Their conceptions and birthgivings consist solely in mischief, &c. (
Isa 33:11).
prepareth--hatcheth.