1και μετα τους λογους τουτους και την αληθειαν ταυτην ηλθεν σενναχηριμ βασιλευς ασσυριων και ηλθεν επι ιουδαν και παρενεβαλεν επι τας πολεις τας τειχηρεις και ειπεν προκαταλαβεσθαι αυτας 2και ειδεν εζεκιας οτι ηκει σενναχηριμ και το προσωπον αυτου του πολεμησαι επι ιερουσαλημ 3και εβουλευσατο μετα των πρεσβυτερων αυτου και των δυνατων εμφραξαι τα υδατα των πηγων α ην εξω της πολεως και συνεπισχυσαν αυτω 4και συνηγαγεν λαον πολυν και ενεφραξεν τα υδατα των πηγων και τον ποταμον τον διοριζοντα δια της πολεως λεγων μη ελθη βασιλευς ασσουρ και ευρη υδωρ πολυ και κατισχυση 5και κατισχυσεν εζεκιας και ωκοδομησεν παν το τειχος το κατεσκαμμενον και πυργους και εξω προτειχισμα αλλο και κατισχυσεν το αναλημμα πολεως δαυιδ και κατεσκευασεν οπλα πολλα 6και εθετο αρχοντας του πολεμου επι τον λαον και συνηχθησαν προς αυτον εις την πλατειαν της πυλης της φαραγγος και ελαλησεν επι καρδιαν αυτων λεγων 7ισχυσατε και ανδριζεσθε μη πτοηθητε απο προσωπου βασιλεως ασσουρ και απο προσωπου παντος του εθνους του μετ' αυτου οτι μεθ' ημων πλειονες η μετ' αυτου 8μετ' αυτου βραχιονες σαρκινοι μεθ' ημων δε κυριος ο θεος ημων του σωζειν και του πολεμειν τον πολεμον ημων και κατεθαρσησεν ο λαος επι τοις λογοις εζεκιου βασιλεως ιουδα 9και μετα ταυτα απεστειλεν σενναχηριμ βασιλευς ασσυριων τους παιδας αυτου επι ιερουσαλημ και αυτος επι λαχις και πασα η στρατια μετ' αυτου και απεστειλεν προς εζεκιαν βασιλεα ιουδα και προς παντα ιουδαν τον εν ιερουσαλημ λεγων 10ουτως λεγει σενναχηριμ ο βασιλευς ασσυριων επι τινι υμεις πεποιθατε και καθησθε εν τη περιοχη εν ιερουσαλημ 11ουχι εζεκιας απατα υμας του παραδουναι υμας εις θανατον και εις λιμον και εις διψαν λεγων κυριος ο θεος ημων σωσει ημας εκ χειρος βασιλεως ασσουρ 12ουχ ουτος εστιν εζεκιας ος περιειλεν τα θυσιαστηρια αυτου και τα υψηλα αυτου και ειπεν τω ιουδα και τοις κατοικουσιν ιερουσαλημ λεγων κατεναντι του θυσιαστηριου τουτου προσκυνησετε και επ' αυτω θυμιασετε 13ου γνωσεσθε ο τι εποιησα εγω και οι πατερες μου πασι τοις λαοις των χωρων μη δυναμενοι ηδυναντο θεοι των εθνων πασης της γης σωσαι τον λαον αυτων εκ χειρος μου 14τις εν πασι τοις θεοις των εθνων τουτων ους εξωλεθρευσαν οι πατερες μου μη ηδυναντο σωσαι τον λαον αυτων εκ χειρος μου οτι δυνησεται ο θεος υμων σωσαι υμας εκ χειρος μου 15νυν μη απατατω υμας εζεκιας και μη πεποιθεναι υμας ποιειτω κατα ταυτα και μη πιστευετε αυτω οτι ου μη δυνηται ο θεος παντος εθνους και βασιλειας του σωσαι τον λαον αυτου εκ χειρος μου και εκ χειρος πατερων μου οτι ο θεος υμων ου μη σωσει υμας εκ χειρος μου 16και ετι ελαλησαν οι παιδες αυτου επι κυριον θεον και επι εζεκιαν παιδα αυτου 17και βιβλιον εγραψεν ονειδιζειν τον κυριον θεον ισραηλ και ειπεν περι αυτου λεγων ως θεοι των εθνων της γης ουκ εξειλαντο τους λαους αυτων εκ χειρος μου ουτως ου μη εξεληται ο θεος εζεκιου λαον αυτου εκ χειρος μου 18και εβοησεν φωνη μεγαλη ιουδαιστι επι λαον ιερουσαλημ τον επι του τειχους του φοβησαι αυτους και κατασπασαι οπως προκαταλαβωνται την πολιν 19και ελαλησεν επι θεον ιερουσαλημ ως και επι θεους λαων της γης εργα χειρων ανθρωπων 20και προσηυξατο εζεκιας ο βασιλευς και ησαιας υιος αμως ο προφητης περι τουτων και εβοησαν εις τον ουρανον 21και απεστειλεν κυριος αγγελον και εξετριψεν παν δυνατον πολεμιστην και αρχοντα και στρατηγον εν τη παρεμβολη βασιλεως ασσουρ και απεστρεψεν μετα αισχυνης προσωπου εις την γην αυτου και ηλθεν εις οικον του θεου αυτου και των εξελθοντων εκ κοιλιας αυτου κατεβαλον αυτον εν ρομφαια 22και εσωσεν κυριος εζεκιαν και τους κατοικουντας εν ιερουσαλημ εκ χειρος σενναχηριμ βασιλεως ασσουρ και εκ χειρος παντων και κατεπαυσεν αυτους κυκλοθεν 23και πολλοι εφερον δωρα τω κυριω εις ιερουσαλημ και δοματα τω εζεκια βασιλει ιουδα και υπερηρθη κατ' οφθαλμους παντων των εθνων μετα ταυτα 24εν ταις ημεραις εκειναις ηρρωστησεν εζεκιας εως θανατου και προσηυξατο προς κυριον και επηκουσεν αυτου και σημειον εδωκεν αυτω 25και ου κατα το ανταποδομα ο εδωκεν αυτω ανταπεδωκεν εζεκιας αλλα υψωθη η καρδια αυτου και εγενετο επ' αυτον οργη και επι ιουδαν και ιερουσαλημ 26και εταπεινωθη εζεκιας απο του υψους της καρδιας αυτου και οι κατοικουντες ιερουσαλημ και ουκ επηλθεν επ' αυτους οργη κυριου εν ταις ημεραις εζεκιου 27και εγενετο τω εζεκια πλουτος και δοξα πολλη σφοδρα και θησαυρους εποιησεν εαυτω αργυριου και χρυσιου και του λιθου του τιμιου και εις τα αρωματα και οπλοθηκας και εις σκευη επιθυμητα 28και πολεις εις τα γενηματα σιτου και ελαιου και οινου και φατνας παντος κτηνους και μανδρας εις τα ποιμνια 29και πολεις ας ωκοδομησεν αυτω και αποσκευην προβατων και βοων εις πληθος οτι εδωκεν αυτω κυριος αποσκευην πολλην σφοδρα 30αυτος εζεκιας ενεφραξεν την εξοδον του υδατος γιων το ανω και κατηυθυνεν αυτα κατω προς λιβα της πολεως δαυιδ και ευοδωθη εζεκιας εν πασι τοις εργοις αυτου 31και ουτως τοις πρεσβευταις των αρχοντων απο βαβυλωνος τοις αποσταλεισιν προς αυτον πυθεσθαι παρ' αυτου το τερας ο εγενετο επι της γης και εγκατελιπεν αυτον κυριος του πειρασαι αυτον ειδεναι τα εν τη καρδια αυτου 32και τα καταλοιπα των λογων εζεκιου και το ελεος αυτου ιδου γεγραπται εν τη προφητεια ησαιου υιου αμως του προφητου και επι βιβλιου βασιλεων ιουδα και ισραηλ 33και εκοιμηθη εζεκιας μετα των πατερων αυτου και εθαψαν αυτον εν αναβασει ταφων υιων δαυιδ και δοξαν και τιμην εδωκαν αυτω εν τω θανατω αυτου πας ιουδα και οι κατοικουντες εν ιερουσαλημ και εβασιλευσεν μανασσης υιος αυτου αντ' αυτου
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 SENNACHERIB INVADES JUDAH. (2Ch. 32:1-20)
After these things, and the establishment thereof--that is, the restoration of the temple-worship. The precise date is given,
2Kgs 18:13. Determined to recover the independence of his country, Hezekiah had decided to refuse to pay the tribute which his father had bound himself to pay to Assyria.
Sennacherib . . . entered into Judah, and encamped against the fenced cities--The whole land was ravaged; the strong fortresses of Ashdod (
Isa 20:1) and Lachish had fallen; the siege of Libnah had commenced, when the king of Judah, doubting his ability to resist, sent to acknowledge his fault, and offer terms of submission by paying the tribute. The commencement of this Assyrian war was disastrous to Hezekiah (
2Kgs 18:13). But the misfortunes of the early period of the war are here passed over, as the historian hastens to relate the remarkable deliverance which God wrought for His kingdom of Judah.
2 when Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib . . . was purposed to fight against Jerusalem--An account of the means taken to fortify Jerusalem against the threatened siege is given only in this passage. The polluting or filling up of wells, and the altering of the course of rivers, is an old practice that still obtains in the wars of the East. Hezekiah's plan was to cover the fountain heads, so that they might not be discovered by the enemy, and to carry the water by subterranean channels or pipes into the city--a plan which, while it would secure a constant supply to the inhabitants, would distress the besiegers, as the country all around Jerusalem was very destitute of water.
4 So there was gathered much people . . . who stopped all the fountains, and the brook that ran through the midst of the land--"Where these various fountains were, we have now no positive means of ascertaining; though En-rogel, and the spring now called the Virgin's Fount, may well be numbered among them. JOSEPHUS mentions the existence of various fountains without the city, but does not mention any of them in this connection but Siloam. 'The brook,' however, is located with sufficient precision to enable us to trace it very definitely. We are told that it 'ran through the midst of the land.' Now a stream running through either the Kedron or Hinnom Valley, could, in no proper sense, be said to run through the midst of the land, but one flowing through the true Gihon valley, and separating Akra and Zion from Bezetha, Moriah, and Ophel, as a stream once, doubtless, did, could, with peculiar propriety, be said to run through the midst of the land on which the [Holy] City was built. And that this is the correct meaning of the phrase is not only apparent from the force of circumstances, but is positively so declared in the Septuagint, where, moreover, it is called a 'river,' which, at least, implies a much larger stream than the Kedron, and comports well with the marginal reading, where it is said to overflow through the midst of the land. Previous to the interference of man, there was, no doubt, a very copious stream that gushed forth in the upper portion of that shallow, basin-like concavity north of Damascus Gate, which is unquestionably the upper extremity of the Gihon valley, and pursuing its meandering course through this valley, entered the Tyropśon at its great southern curve, down which it flowed into the valley of the Kedron" [BARCLAY, City of the Great King].
5 he strengthened himself--He made a careful inspection of the city defenses for the purpose of repairing breaches in the wall here, renewing the masonry there, raising projecting machines to the towers, and especially fortifying the lower portion of Zion, that is, Millo, "(in) the original city of David." "In" is a supplement of our translators, and the text reads better without it, for it was not the whole city that was repaired, but only the lower portion of Zion, or the original "city of David."
6 he . . . gathered them together . . . in the street--that is, the large open space at the gate of Eastern cities. Having equipped his soldiers with a full suit of military accoutrements, he addressed them in an animated strain, dwelling on the motives they had to inspire courage and confidence of success, especially on their consciousness of the favor and helping power of God.
9 (See on 2Ki. 18:17-35; also 2Ki. 19:8-34).
18 they cried with a loud voice . . . unto the people of Jerusalem . . . on the wall--It appears that the wall on the west side of the city reached as far to the side of the uppermost pool of Gihon at that time as it does now, if not farther; and the wall was so close to that pool that those sent to negotiate with the Assyrian general answered him in their own tongue (see on
2Kgs 18:27).
21 AN ANGEL DESTROYS THE ASSYRIANS. (
2Chr 32:21-23)
an angel . . . cut off all the mighty men--(See on
2Kgs 19:35-37).
24 HEZEKIAH'S SICKNESS AND RECOVERY. (
2Chr 32:24-26)
In those days Hezekiah was sick to the death--(See on
2Kgs 20:1-11).
27 HIS RICHES AND WORKS. (
2Chr 32:27-33)
he had exceeding much riches and honour--(compare
2Kgs 20:13;
Isa 39:2). A great portion of his personal wealth, like that of David and Uzziah, consisted in immense possessions of agricultural and pastoral produce. Besides, he had accumulated large treasures in gold, silver, and precious things, which he had taken as spoils from the Philistines, and which he had received as presents from neighboring states, among which he was held in great honor as a king under the special protection of Heaven. Much of his great wealth he expended in improving his capital, erecting forts, and promoting the internal benefit of his kingdom.
30 stopped the . . . watercourse of Gihon, and brought it . . . to the west side of the city, &c.--(Compare
2Kgs 20:20). Particular notice is here taken of the aqueduct, as among the greatest of Hezekiah's works. "In exploring the subterranean channel conveying the water from Virgin's Fount to Siloam, I discovered a similar channel entering from the north, a few yards from its commencement; and on tracing it up near the Mugrabin gate, where it became so choked with rubbish that it could be traversed no farther, I there found it turn to the west in the direction of the south end of the cleft, or saddle, of Zion, and if this channel was not constructed for the purpose of conveying the waters of Hezekiah's aqueduct, I am unable to suggest any purpose to which it could have been applied. Perhaps the reason why it was not brought down on the Zion side, was that Zion was already well-watered in its lower portion by the Great Pool, 'the lower pool of Gihon.' And accordingly WILLIAMS [Holy City] renders this passage, 'He stopped the upper outflow of the waters of Gihon, and led them down westward to the city'" [BARCLAY, City of the Great King]. The construction of this aqueduct required not only masonic but engineering skill; for the passage was bored through a continuous mass of rock. Hezekiah's pool or reservoir made to receive the water within the northwest part of the city still remains. It is an oblong quadrangular tank, two hundred forty feet in length, from one hundred forty-four to one hundred fifty in breadth, but, from recent excavations, appears to have extended somewhat farther towards the north.
31 in the business of the ambassadors who sent . . . to inquire of the wonder that was done in the land, &c.--They brought a present (
2Chr 32:23; see on
2Kgs 20:12-13), and a letter of congratulation on his recovery, in which particular enquiries were made about the miracle of the sun's retrocession--a natural phenomenon that could not fail to excite great interest and curiosity at Babylon, where astronomy was so much studied. At the same time, there is reason to believe that they proposed a defensive league against the Assyrians.
God left him, to try him, &c.--Hezekiah's offense was not so much in the display of his military stores and treasures, as in not giving to God the glory both of the miracle and of his recovery, and thus leading those heathen ambassadors to know Him.