VW-Edition Bible (2010)

1And the king sent them and they gathered all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem to him. 2And the king went up to the house of Jehovah with all the men of Judah, and with him all the inhabitants of Jerusalem; the priests and the prophets and all the people, both small and great. And he read in their ears all the Words of the Book of the Covenant which was found in the house of Jehovah. 3Then the king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before Jehovah, to follow Jehovah and to keep His commandments and His testimonies and His statutes, with all his heart and all his soul, to perform the Words of this covenant that were written in this Book. And all the people stood for the covenant. 4And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, the priests of the second order, and the doorkeepers, to bring out of the temple of Jehovah all the articles that were made for Baal, for the grove, and for all the host of the heavens; and he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried their ashes to Bethel. 5And he put an end to the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had dedicated to burn incense on the high places in the cities of Judah and in the places all around Jerusalem, and those burning incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the zodiac, and to all the host of the heavens. 6And he brought out the grove from the house of Jehovah, to the Brook Kidron outside Jerusalem, burned it at the Brook Kidron and pulverized the ashes, and threw its ashes on the graves of the sons of the people. 7And he tore down the houses of the male temple prostitutes that were in the house of Jehovah, where the women were weaving shelters for the grove. 8And he brought all the priests from the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beer-sheba; also he broke down the high places at the gates which were at the entrance of the Gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were to one's left of the city gate. 9Nevertheless the priests of the high places did not come up to the altar of Jehovah in Jerusalem, but they ate unleavened bread among their brethren. 10And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of the sons of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter pass through the fire to Molech. 11And he did away with the horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun, at the entrance to the house of Jehovah, by the chamber of Nathan-Melech, the official who was in the court; and he burned the chariots of the sun with fire. 12The altars that were on the roof of the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of Jehovah, the king beat them down and ran and hurled their dust into the Brook Kidron. 13And the king defiled the high places that were east of Jerusalem, which were on the south of the mount of corruption, which Solomon king of Israel had built for Ashtaroth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon. 14And he broke in pieces the sacred pillars and chopped down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men. 15Moreover the altar that was at Bethel, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat had made, by which he had made Israel to sin, both that altar and the high place he tore down; and he burned the high place and pulverized it to dust, and burned the grove. 16And as Josiah turned, he saw the tombs that were there on the mountain. And he sent and took the bones out of the tombs and burned them on the altar, and defiled it according to the Word of Jehovah which the man of God had proclaimed, who had proclaimed these things. 17Then he said, What monument is this that I see? And the men of the city said to him, It is the tomb of the man of God who came from Judah and proclaimed these things which you have done against the altar of Bethel. 18And he said, Let him alone; let no one disturb his bones. So they let his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet that had come from Samaria. 19And Josiah also took away all the houses of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke to anger; and he did to them according to all the deeds he had done at Bethel. 20And he slaughtered all the priests of the high places who were there, on the altars, and burned men's bones on them; and he returned to Jerusalem. 21And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the Passover to Jehovah your God, as it is written in this Book of the Covenant. 22Surely such a Passover had never been held since the days of the judges who judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel nor the kings of Judah. 23It was in the eighteenth year of King Josiah that this Passover was observed unto Jehovah in Jerusalem. 24Moreover Josiah put away the mediums and fortunetellers, the household images and idols, all the abominations that were seen in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, that he might perform the Words of the Law which were written in the Book that Hilkiah the priest had found in the house of Jehovah. 25And before him there was no king like him, who turned to Jehovah with all his heart, with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the Law of Moses; nor after him has any arisen like him. 26Nevertheless Jehovah had not turned from His great burning wrath, with which His anger had been kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations with which Manasseh had provoked Him. 27And Jehovah said, I will also remove Judah from before My face, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I had said, My name shall be there. 28Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the Chronicles of the kings of Judah.  29In his days Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria, to the River Euphrates; and King Josiah went out to meet him. And Pharaoh Necho killed him at Megiddo when he saw him. 30And his servants made him ride dead from Megiddo, brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own tomb. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, anointed him, and made him king in his father's place. 31Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. 32And he did evil in the eyes of Jehovah, according to all that his fathers had done. 33And Pharaoh Necho put him in bonds at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and he imposed on the land a tribute of one hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. 34And Pharaoh Necho made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and changed his name to Jehoiakim. And Pharaoh took Jehoahaz and he came to Egypt, and he died there. 35And Jehoiakim gave the silver and gold to Pharaoh; but he taxed the land to give money at the mouth of Pharaoh; he exacted the silver and gold from the people of the land, from every one according to his assessment, to give it to Pharaoh Necho. 36Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Zebudah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. 37And he did evil in the eyes of Jehovah, according to all that his fathers had done.


Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
 1   2Kgs 23:1 Josiah causes the book to be read in a solemn assembly.
2Kgs 23:3 He renews the covenant of the Lord.
2Kgs 23:4 He destroys idolatry.
2Kgs 23:15 He burns dead men's bones upon the altar of Beth-el, as was fore-prophesied.
2Kgs 23:21 He keeps a most solemn passover.
2Kgs 23:24 He puts away witches and all abomination.
2Kgs 23:26 God's final wrath against Judah.
2Kgs 23:29 Josiah, provoking Pharaoh-nechoh, is slain at Megiddo.
2Kgs 23:31 Jehoahaz, succeeding him, is imprisoned by Pharaoh-nechoh, who makes Jehoiakim king.
2Kgs 23:36 Jehoiakim's wicked reign.
the king.
Deut 31:28 2Sam 6:1 2Chr 29:20 2Chr 30:2 2Chr 34:29 2Chr 34:30 - 2Chr 34:33

 2   both small and great. Heb. from small even unto great.
Gen 19:11 1Sam 5:9 1Sam 30:2 2Chr 15:13 Esth 1:5 Job 3:19 Ps 115:13 Acts 26:22 Rev 20:12
he read.
Deut 31:10 - Deut 31:13 2Chr 17:9 Neh 8:1 - Neh 8:8 Neh 9:3 Neh 13:1
the book.
2Kgs 22:8 Deut 31:26 1Kgs 8:9

 3   stood.
2Kgs 11:14 2Kgs 11:17 2Chr 23:13 2Chr 34:31 2Chr 34:32
made a covenant.
Exod 24:7 Exod 24:8 Deut 5:1 - Deut 5:3 Deut 29:1 Deut 29:10 - Deut 29:15 Josh 24:25 2Chr 15:12 - 2Chr 15:14 2Chr 23:16 2Chr 29:10 Ezra 10:3 Neh 9:38 Neh 10:28 - Neh 10:39 Jer 50:5 Heb 8:8 - Heb 8:13 Heb 12:24 Heb 13:20
to walk.
Deut 8:19
his commandments.
Deut 4:45 Deut 5:1 Deut 6:1 Ps 19:7 - Ps 19:9
with all their heart.
Deut 6:5 Deut 10:12 Deut 11:13 Matt 22:36 Matt 22:37
And all.
Exod 24:3 Josh 24:24 2Chr 34:32 2Chr 34:33 Eccl 8:2 Jer 4:2

 4   priests of the second order. These were either such as occasionally supplied the high priest's office, or those of the second course or order established by David. See the References.
1Chr 24:4 - 1Chr 24:19 Matt 26:3 Matt 27:1
the keepers.
2Kgs 22:4 1Chr 26:1 - 1Chr 26:19
to bring.
2Kgs 21:3 2Kgs 21:7 2Chr 33:3 2Chr 33:7 2Chr 34:3 2Chr 34:4
Baal.
2Kgs 17:16 Judg 2:13 1Kgs 16:31 1Kgs 18:19 1Kgs 18:26 1Kgs 18:40 1Kgs 19:18 Isa 27:9 Jer 7:9
Kidron.
2Sam 15:23 John 18:1
Cedron. Beth-el.
1Kgs 12:29 Hos 4:15 Amos 4:4

 5   put down. Heb. caused to cease. the idolatrous priests. Heb. Chemarim.
Hos 10:5
*marg: "Foretold. Zeph 1:4, Zeph 1:5."
2Kgs 23:5
"Foretold. Zeph 1:4, Zeph 1:5."
planets. or, twelve signs, or constellations. So the Vulgate duodecim signa, "the twelve signs," i.e., the zodiac; which is the most probable meaning of the word mazzaloth, from the Arabic manzeel, a caravanserai, house, or dwelling, as being the apparent dwellings of the sun in his annual course; and the Targumists and Rabbins often employ the words tereysar mazzalaya, to denote the signs of the zodiac.
all the host.
2Kgs 21:3 2Kgs 21:4 Jer 8:1 Jer 8:2 Jer 44:17 - Jer 44:19

 6   the grove. Or rather, Asherah, or Astarte.
2Kgs 21:7 Judg 3:7 1Kgs 14:23 1Kgs 16:33 Jer 17:2
and burned.
Exod 32:20 Deut 7:25 Deut 9:21
the graves.
2Kgs 10:27 2Chr 34:4
the children. Probably the common people.


 7   the sodomites.
Gen 19:4 Gen 19:5 1Kgs 14:24 1Kgs 15:12 1Kgs 22:46 2Chr 34:33 Rom 1:26 Rom 1:27
where.
Exod 35:25 Exod 35:26 Ezek 8:14 Ezek 16:16 Hos 2:13
hangings. Heb. houses.


 8   from, etc. The northern and southern borders of Judah.
Geba.
Josh 21:17 1Kgs 15:22 1Chr 6:60 Isa 10:29 Zech 14:10
Beer-sheba.
Gen 21:31 Gen 26:23 Judg 20:1 1Kgs 19:3

 9   the priests.
Ezek 44:10 - Ezek 44:14 Mal 2:8 Mal 2:9
but they did.
1Sam 2:36 Ezek 44:29 - Ezek 44:31

 10   Topheth.
Isa 30:33 Jer 7:31 Jer 7:32 Jer 19:6 Jer 19:11 - Jer 19:13
Tophet. the valley.
Josh 15:8 2Chr 28:3 2Chr 33:6 Jer 19:2 Jer 32:35 Matt 5:22
*Gr:
2Kgs 23:10
might make.
2Kgs 16:3 2Kgs 17:17 2Kgs 21:6 Lev 18:21 Deut 18:10 Jer 32:35 Ezek 16:21 Ezek 20:26 Ezek 20:31 Ezek 23:37 - Ezek 23:39

 11   the sun.
2Kgs 23:5 2Chr 14:5 2Chr 34:4 Ezek 8:16
house of the Lord. Throughout the East, the horse because of his swiftness and utility, was dedicated to the sun; and the Greeks and Romans feigned that the chariot of the sun was drawn by four horses, Pyrous, Eous, Aithon, and Phlegon: and hence also chariots were dedicated to that luminary. Jarchi says, that those who adored the sun had horses, which they mounted every morning, to go out to meet him at his rising. The kings of Judah had imitated these idolatrous customs, and kept the horses of the sun even at the entrance of the temple of the Lord!
chamberlain. or, eunuch, or officer.


 12   on the top.
Deut 22:8 Jer 19:13 Zeph 1:5
which Manasseh.
2Kgs 21:5 2Kgs 21:21 2Kgs 21:22 2Chr 33:5 2Chr 33:15
brake them down from thence. or, ran from thence. cast.
2Kgs 23:6

 13   the mount of corruption. that is, the mount of Olives. Houbigant, deriving the Hebrew mashchith from mashach, "to anoint," reads "the Mount of Olives." Jarchi, following the Chaldee, also says this was the Mount of Olives; for this is the mount hammishchah, of unction: but because of the idolatrous purposes for which it was used, the Scripture changed the appellation to the mount of hammashchith, corruption.
Solomon.
1Kgs 11:7 Neh 13:26
Ashtoreth.
Judg 2:13 Judg 10:6 1Sam 7:4 1Sam 12:10 1Kgs 11:5 1Kgs 11:33
Chemosh.
Num 21:29 Judg 11:24 Jer 48:7 Jer 48:13 Jer 48:16
Milcom.
Zeph 1:5
Malcham.


 14   he brake.
Exod 23:24 Num 33:52 Deut 7:5 Deut 7:25 Deut 7:26 2Chr 34:3 2Chr 34:4 Mic 1:7
images. Heb. statues. the bones of men.
2Kgs 23:16 Num 19:16 Num 19:18 Jer 8:1 Jer 8:2 Ezek 39:12 - Ezek 39:16 Matt 23:27 Matt 23:28

 15   the altar.
2Kgs 10:31 1Kgs 12:28 - 1Kgs 12:33 1Kgs 14:16 1Kgs 15:30 1Kgs 21:22
stamped.
2Kgs 23:6

 16   burned.
1Kgs 13:1 1Kgs 13:2 1Kgs 13:32 Matt 24:35 John 10:35
who proclaimed. The Septuagint and Hexaplar Syriac at Paris insert, "when Jeroboam stood by the altar at the feast. And turning about, he cast his eyes on the sepulchre of the man of God"--


 17   It is the sepulchre.
1Kgs 13:1 1Kgs 13:30 1Kgs 13:31

 18   alone. Heb. to escape. the bones of the prophet.
1Kgs 13:1 - 1Kgs 13:22 1Kgs 13:31

 19   the houses.
2Kgs 17:9 1Kgs 12:31 1Kgs 13:32
the cities.
2Chr 30:6 - 2Chr 30:11 2Chr 31:1 2Chr 34:6 2Chr 34:7
the kings.
2Kgs 8:18 1Kgs 16:33 Mic 6:16
to provoke the Lord.
2Kgs 17:16 - 2Kgs 17:18 2Kgs 21:6 Ps 78:58 Jer 7:18 Jer 7:19 Ezek 8:17 Ezek 8:18

 20   he slew. or, he sacrificed.
2Kgs 10:25 2Kgs 11:18 Exod 22:20 Deut 13:5 1Kgs 13:2 1Kgs 18:40 Isa 34:6 Zech 13:2 Zech 13:3
burned.
2Chr 34:5

 21   Keep.
2Chr 35:1 - 2Chr 35:19
as it is written.
Exod 12:3 - Exod 12:20 Lev 23:5 - Lev 23:8 Num 9:2 - Num 9:5 Num 28:16 - Num 28:25 Deut 16:1 - Deut 16:8

 22   Surely.
2Chr 35:18 2Chr 35:19
of the kings.
2Chr 30:1 - 2Chr 30:3 2Chr 30:13 - 2Chr 30:20 2Chr 35:3 - 2Chr 35:17

 23   2Kgs 23:23

 24   Moreover. "His eighteenth year ending."
the workers.
2Kgs 21:3 2Kgs 21:6 1Sam 28:3 - 1Sam 28:7 Isa 8:19 Isa 19:3 Acts 16:16 - Acts 16:18 Rev 22:15
images. or, teraphim.
Gen 31:19 Judg 17:5 Judg 18:17 Judg 18:18 Hos 3:4
that he might.
Lev 19:31 Lev 20:27 Deut 18:10 - Deut 18:12 Isa 8:20 Rom 3:20 Jas 1:25
the book.
2Kgs 22:8 - 2Kgs 22:13 2Chr 34:14 - 2Chr 34:19

 25   A.M. 3363-3394. B.C. 641-610. unto him.
2Kgs 18:5
that turned.
2Kgs 23:3 Deut 4:29 Deut 6:5 1Kgs 2:4 1Kgs 8:48 1Kgs 15:5 Jer 29:13
according.
Neh 10:29 Mal 4:4 John 1:17 John 7:19

 26   Notwithstanding.
2Kgs 21:11 - 2Kgs 21:13 2Kgs 22:16 2Kgs 22:17 2Kgs 24:2 2Kgs 24:4 2Chr 36:16 Jer 3:7 - Jer 3:10 Jer 15:1 - Jer 15:4
provocations. Heb. angers.


 27   I will remove.
2Kgs 17:18 2Kgs 17:20 2Kgs 18:11 2Kgs 21:13 2Kgs 24:3 2Kgs 25:11 Deut 29:27 Deut 29:28 Ezek 23:32 - Ezek 23:35
out of my sight.
Ps 51:11 Jer 31:37 Jer 33:24 Lam 2:7
My name.
2Kgs 21:4 2Kgs 21:7 1Kgs 8:29 1Kgs 9:3

 28   the rest.
2Kgs 20:20

 29   A.M. 3394. B.C. 610.
Pharaoh-nechoh. Pharaoh-nechoh, called [Nekos,] Necos, the son of Psammiticus, by Herodotus, was now was now marching "to make war upon the Medes and Babylonians, who had dissolved the Assyrian empire," the king of the latter being the famous Nabopollasar, who had also become king of Assyria.
2Kgs 23:33 2Kgs 23:34 2Kgs 23:35 2Chr 35:20 - 2Chr 35:24 Jer 46:2
Euphrates.
2Kgs 24:7 2Chr 35:20 Jer 46:2
Josiah went.
2Chr 35:20 - 2Chr 35:23
slew him.
2Kgs 22:20 Eccl 8:14 Eccl 9:1 Eccl 9:2 Isa 57:1 Isa 57:2 Rom 11:33
Megiddo. Megiddo, called [Magdolon,] Magdolum, by Herodotus, was situated in the tribe of Manasseh, west of Jordan, in the valley of Jezreel, and not far fron Hadad-Rimmon, or Maximianopolis. This shews that Josiah reigned over the country formerly possessed by the ten tribes; and it is also probable, that Nechoh had landed his troops at or near Cesarea of Palestine.
2Kgs 9:27 Josh 17:11 Judg 1:27 Judg 5:19 1Kgs 4:12 Zech 12:11
Megiddon.
Rev 16:16
Armageddon. he had seen him.
2Kgs 14:8 2Kgs 14:11

 30   servants.
2Kgs 9:28 1Kgs 22:33 - 1Kgs 22:38 2Chr 35:24
the people.
2Kgs 14:21 2Kgs 21:24 2Chr 36:1 2Chr 36:2 - 2Chr 36:4

 31   Jehoahaz.
1Chr 3:15 Jer 22:11
Shallum. Hamutal.
2Kgs 24:18

 32   2Kgs 21:2 - 2Kgs 21:7 2Kgs 21:21 2Kgs 21:22

 33   put him.
2Chr 36:3 2Chr 36:4 Ezek 19:3 Ezek 19:4
Riblah. Theodoret (in Jer ch. 46, Jer 46:1) expressly affirms that Riblah or Reblatha was in his time called Emesa. [Kome de estin he Reblatha tes nun kaloumenes Emeses. ] Emesa was a city of Syria, situated on the Orontes, and, according to the Antonine Itinerary, 18 miles from Laodicea ad Libanum. It is now called Homs, or Hems, about eight hours, or twenty-four miles S. E. of Hamah or Hamath, in the road to Damascus. The present town only occupies about one quarter of the space contained within the ancient walls, which apparently date from the time of the Saracens. Here is nothing remarkable, except a Roman sepulchre, and a large castle in ruins.
2Kgs 25:6 Num 34:11 Jer 39:5 Jer 39:6 Jer 52:9 Jer 52:10 Jer 52:26 Jer 52:27
Hamath.
Num 13:21 1Kgs 8:65
that he might not reign. or, because he reigned. put, etc. Heb. set a mulct upon the land.
2Kgs 18:14 Exod 21:22 2Chr 36:3 Pro 19:19

 34   Eliakim.
Josh 18:18 2Chr 36:3 2Chr 36:4
the son.
1Chr 3:15
turned.
2Kgs 24:17 Gen 41:45 Dan 1:7
Jehoiakim. "Called Jakim, Matt 1:11."
he came.
Jer 22:11 Jer 22:12 Ezek 19:3 Ezek 19:4

 35   the silver.
2Kgs 23:33
taxed.
2Kgs 15:19 2Kgs 15:20

 36   A.M. 3394-3405. B.C. 610-599. Jehoiakim.
1Chr 3:15 2Chr 36:5 Jer 1:3
Rumah. Josephus here reads Abuma; but he also speaks of Ruma, a village of Galilee.


 37   he did.
Jer 22:13 - Jer 22:17 Jer 26:20 - Jer 26:23 Jer 36:23 - Jer 36:26 Jer 36:31 Ezek 19:5 - Ezek 19:9
all that.
2Chr 28:22 - 2Chr 28:25 2Chr 33:4 - 2Chr 33:10 2Chr 33:22 2Chr 33:23