1Höret auf mich, die ihr der Gerechtigkeit nachjaget, die ihr Jehova suchet! Blicket hin auf den Felsen, aus dem ihr gehauen, und auf die Höhlung der Grube, aus welcher ihr gegraben seid. 2Blicket hin auf Abraham, euren Vater, und auf Sarah, die euch geboren hat; denn ich rief ihn, den Einen, und ich segnete ihn und mehrte ihn. 3Denn Jehova tröstet Zion, tröstet alle ihre Trümmer; und er macht ihre Wüste gleich Eden, und ihre Steppe gleich dem Garten Jehovas. Wonne und Freude werden darin gefunden werden, Danklied und Stimme des Gesanges. 4Merket auf mich, mein Volk, und meine Nation, horchet auf mich! denn ein Gesetz wird von mir ausgehen, und mein Recht werde ich aufstellen zum Lichte der Völker. 5Nahe ist meine Gerechtigkeit, mein Heil ist ausgezogen, und meine Arme werden die Völker richten. Auf mich werden die Inseln hoffen, und sie werden harren auf meinen Arm. 6Hebet eure Augen auf gen Himmel und blicket auf die Erde unten! denn die Himmel werden zergehen wie Rauch, und die Erde wird zerfallen wie ein Kleid, und ihre Bewohner werden dahinsterben. Aber mein Heil wird in Ewigkeit sein, und meine Gerechtigkeit wird nicht zerschmettert werden. 7Höret auf mich, die ihr Gerechtigkeit kennet, du Volk, in dessen Herzen mein Gesetz ist: Fürchtet nicht der Menschen Hohn, und erschrecket nicht vor ihren Schmähungen! 8Denn wie ein Kleid wird sie verzehren die Motte, und wie Wolle sie verzehren die Schabe; aber meine Gerechtigkeit wird in Ewigkeit sein, und mein Heil durch alle Geschlechter hindurch. 9Wache auf, wache auf; kleide dich in Macht, du Arm Jehovas! Wache auf wie in den Tagen der Vorzeit, in den Geschlechtern vor alters! Bist du es nicht, der Rahab zerhauen, das Seeungeheuer durchbohrt hat? 10Bist du es nicht, der das Meer, die Wasser der großen Flut, trocken gelegt, der die Tiefen des Meeres zu einem Wege gemacht hat, damit die Erlösten hindurchzögen? 11Und die Befreiten Jehovas werden zurückkehren und nach Zion kommen mit Jubel, und ewige Freude wird über ihrem Haupte sein; sie werden Wonne und Freude erlangen, Kummer und Seufzen werden entfliehen. 12Ich, ich bin es, der euch tröstet. Wer bist du, daß du dich vor dem Menschen fürchtest, der hinstirbt, und vor dem Menschenkinde, welches wie Gras dahingegeben wird? 13und daß du Jehova vergissest, der dich gemacht, der die Himmel ausgespannt und die Erde gegründet hat; und dich beständig, den ganzen Tag, vor dem Grimme des Bedrängers fürchtest, wenn er sich rüstet, um zu verderben? Wo ist denn der Grimm des Bedrängers? 14Der in Fesseln Gekrümmte wird alsbald losgelassen werden und wird nicht hinsterben in die Grube, und sein Brot wird ihm nicht mangeln. 15Denn ich bin Jehova, dein Gott, der das Meer erregt, und seine Wogen brausen; Jehova der Heerscharen ist sein Name. - 16Und ich habe meine Worte in deinen Mund gelegt und dich bedeckt mit dem Schatten meiner Hand, um die Himmel aufzuschlagen und die Erde zu gründen, und zu Zion zu sagen: Du bist mein Volk! 17Erwache, erwache; stehe auf, Jerusalem, die du aus der Hand Jehovas den Becher seines Grimmes getrunken! Den Kelchbecher des Taumels hast du getrunken, hast ihn ausgeschlürft. 18Da war niemand, der sie leitete, von allen Kindern, die sie geboren; und niemand, der sie bei der Hand nahm von allen Kindern, die sie großgezogen. 19Zweierlei war es, was dir begegnete - wer sollte dir Beileid bezeigen?: - die Verheerung und die Zerschmetterung, und die Hungersnot und das Schwert. Wie könnte ich dich trösten? 20Deine Kinder sind ohnmächtig hingesunken, sie lagen an allen Straßenecken wie eine Antilope im Netze; sie waren voll des Grimmes Jehovas, des Scheltens deines Gottes. 21Darum höre doch dieses, du Elende und Trunkene, aber nicht von Wein! 22So spricht Jehova, dein Herr, und dein Gott, der die Rechtssache seines Volkes führt: Siehe, ich nehme aus deiner Hand den Taumelbecher, den Kelchbecher meines Grimmes; du wirst ihn hinfort nicht mehr trinken. 23Und ich gebe ihn in die Hand deiner Peiniger, die zu deiner Seele sprachen: Bücke dich, daß wir darüber hinschreiten! Und du machtest deinen Rücken der Erde gleich, und gleich einer Straße für die darüber Schreitenden.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 ENCOURAGEMENT TO THE FAITHFUL REMNANT OF ISRAEL TO TRUST IN GOD FOR DELIVERANCE, BOTH FROM THEIR LONG BABYLONIAN EXILE, AND FROM THEIR PRESENT DISPERSION. (Isa. 51:1-23)
me--the God of your fathers.
ye . . . follow after righteousness--the godly portion of the nation;
Isa 51:7 shows this (
Pro 15:9;
1Tim 6:11). "Ye follow righteousness," seek it therefore from Me, who "bring it near," and that a righteousness "not about to be abolished" (
Isa 51:6-
Isa 51:7); look to Abraham, your father (
Isa 51:2), as a sample of how righteousness before Me is to be obtained; I, the same God who blessed him, will bless you at last (
Isa 51:3); therefore trust in Me, and fear not man's opposition (
Isa 51:7-
Isa 51:8,
Isa 51:12-
Isa 51:13). The mistake of the Jews, heretofore, has been, not in that they "followed after righteousness," but in that they followed it "by the works of the law," instead of "by faith," as Abraham did (
Rom 9:31-
Rom 9:32;
Rom 10:3-
Rom 10:4;
Rom 4:2-
Rom 4:5).
hole of . . . pit--The idea is not, as it is often quoted, the inculcation of humility, by reminding men of the fallen state from which they have been taken, but that as Abraham, the quarry, as it were (compare
Isa 48:1), whence their nation was hewn, had been called out of a strange land to the inheritance of Canaan, and blessed by God, the same God is able to deliver and restore them also (compare
Matt 3:9).
2 alone--translate, "I called him when he was but one" (
Ezek 33:24). The argument is: the same God who had so blessed "one" individual, as to become a mighty nation (
Gen 12:1;
Gen 22:7), can also increase and bless the small remnant of Israel, both that left in the Babylonish captivity, and that left in the present and latter days (
Zech 14:2); "the residue" (
Isa 13:8-
Isa 13:9).
3 For--See for the argument, see on
Isa 51:2.
the garden of the Lord--restoration of the primeval paradise (
Gen 2:8;
Ezek 28:13;
Rev 2:7).
melody--Hebrew, "psalm." God's praises shall again be heard.
4 my people--the Jews. This reading is better than that of GESENIUS: "O peoples . . . nations," namely, the Gentiles. The Jews are called on to hear and rejoice in the extension of the true religion to the nations; for, at the first preaching of the Gospel, as in the final age to come, it was from Jerusalem that the gospel law was, and is, to go forth (
Isa 2:3).
law . . . judgment--the gospel dispensation and institutions (
Isa 42:1, "judgment").
make . . . to rest--establish firmly; found.
light, &c.-- (
Isa 42:6).
5 righteousness . . . near--that is, faithful fulfilment of the promised deliverance, answering to "salvation" in the parallel clause (
Isa 46:13;
Isa 56:1;
Rom 10:8-
Rom 10:9). Ye follow after "righteousness"; seek it therefore, from Me, and you will not have far to go for it (
Isa 51:1).
arms--put for Himself; I by My might.
judge-- (
Isa 2:3-
Isa 2:4;
Ps 98:9).
isles, &c.-- (
Isa 60:9).
arm-- (
Rom 1:16), "the power of God unto (the Gentiles as well as the Jews) salvation."
6 (
Isa 40:6,
Isa 40:8;
Ps 102:26;
Heb 1:11-
Heb 1:12).
vanish away--literally, "shall be torn asunder," as a garment [MAURER]; which accords with the context.
in like manner--But GESENIUS, "Like a gnat"; like the smallest and vilest insect. JEROME translates, as English Version, and infers that "in like manner" as man, the heavens (that is, the sky) and earth are not to be annihilated, but changed for the better (
Isa 65:17).
righteousness--My faithfully fulfilled promise (see on
Isa 51:5).
7 know righteousness--(See on
Isa 51:1).
8 (See on
Isa 50:9;
Job 4:18-
Job 4:20). Not that the moth eats men up, but they shall be destroyed by as insignificant instrumentality as the moth that eats a garment.
9 Impassioned prayer of the exiled Jews.
ancient days-- (
Ps 44:1).
Rahab--poetical name for Egypt (see on
Isa 30:7).
dragon--Hebrew, tannin. The crocodile, an emblem of Egypt, as represented on coins struck after the conquest of Egypt by Augustus; or rather here, "its king," Pharaoh (see on
Isa 27:1;
Ps 74:13-
Ps 74:14;
Ezek 32:2, Margin;
Ezek 29:3).
10 it--the arm.
Art not Thou the same Almighty power that . . . ? dried the sea--the Red Sea (
Isa 43:16;
Exod 14:21).
11 (
Isa 35:10).
Therefore--assurance of faith; or else the answer of Jehovah corresponding to their prayer. As surely as God redeemed Israel out of Egypt, He shall redeem them from Babylon, both the literal in the age following, and mystical in the last ages (
Rev 18:20-
Rev 18:21). There shall be a second exodus (
Isa 11:11-
Isa 11:16;
Isa 27:12-
Isa 27:13).
singing--image from the custom of singing on a journey when a caravan is passing along the extended plains in the East.
everlasting joy-- (
Jude 1:24).
sorrow . . . flee away-- (
Rev 21:4).
12 comforteth-- (
Isa 51:3;
Isa 40:1).
thou--Zion.
son of man--frail and dying as his parent Adam.
be made as grass--wither as grass (
Isa 40:6-
Isa 40:7).
13 (
Isa 40:12,
Isa 40:26,
Isa 40:28), the same argument of comfort drawn from the omnipotence of the Creator.
as if . . . ready, &c.--literally, "when he directs," namely, his arrow, to destroy (
Ps 21:12;
Ps 7:13;
Ps 11:2) [MAURER].
14 captive exile--literally, one bowed down as a captive (
Isa 10:4) [MAURER]. The scene is primarily Babylon, and the time near the close of the captivity. Secondarily, and antitypically, the mystical Babylon, the last enemy of Israel and the Church, in which they have long suffered, but from which they are to be gloriously delivered.
pit--such as were many of the ancient dungeons (compare
Jer 38:6,
Jer 38:11,
Jer 38:13;
Gen 37:20).
nor . . . bread . . . fail-- (
Isa 33:16;
Jer 37:21).
15 divided . . . sea--the Red Sea. The same Hebrew word as "make to rest" (
Isa 51:4). Rather, "that terrify the sea," that is, restrain it by My rebuke, "when its waves roar" [GESENIUS]. The Hebrew favors MAURER, "that terrify the sea so that the waves roar." The sense favors GESENIUS (
Jer 5:22;
Jer 31:35), or English Version (
Isa 51:9-
Isa 51:10, which favors the special reference to the exodus from Egypt).
16 Addressed to Israel, embodied in "the servant of Jehovah" (
Isa 42:1), Messiah, its ideal and representative Head, through whom the elect remnant is to be restored.
put my words in thy mouth--true of Israel, the depository of true religion, but fully realized only in Israel's Head and antitype, Messiah (
Isa 49:2;
Isa 50:4-
Isa 50:5;
Isa 59:21;
Deut 18:18;
John 3:34).
covered . . . in . . . shadow of . . . hand--protected thee (see on
Isa 49:2).
plant--rather, "fix" as a tabernacle; so it ought to be rendered (
Dan 11:45). The "new creation," now going on in the spiritual world by the Gospel (
Eph 2:10), and hereafter to be extended to the visible world, is meant (
Isa 65:17;
Isa 66:22; compare
Isa 13:13;
2Pet 3:10-13).
Zion--Its restoration is a leading part in the new creation to come (
Isa 65:17,
Isa 65:19).
17 Awake, awake, stand up, O Jerusalem, &c.-- (
Isa 52:1).
drunk--Jehovah's wrath is compared to an intoxicating draught because it confounds the sufferer under it, and makes him fall (
Job 21:20;
Ps 60:3;
Ps 75:8;
Jer 25:15-
Jer 25:16;
Jer 49:12;
Zech 12:2;
Rev 14:10); ("poured out without mixture"; rather, "the pure wine juice mixed with intoxicating drugs").
of trembling--which produced trembling or intoxication.
wrung . . . out--drained the last drop out; the dregs were the sediments from various substances, as honey, dates, and drugs, put into the wine to increase the strength and sweetness.
18 Following up the image in
Isa 51:17, intoxicated and confused by the cup of God's anger, she has none to guide her in her helpless state; she has not yet awakened out of the sleep caused by that draught. This cannot apply to the Babylonish captivity; for in it they had Ezekiel and Daniel, Ezra and Nehemiah, as "guides," and soon awoke out of that sleep; but it applies to the Jews now, and will be still more applicable in their coming oppression by Antichrist.
19 two--classes of evils, for he enumerates four, namely, desolation and destruction to the land and state; famine and the sword to the people.
who shall be sorry for thee--so as to give thee effectual relief: as the parallel clause, "By whom shall I comfort thee?" shows (
Lam 2:11-
Lam 2:13).
20 head of all . . . streets-- (
Lam 2:19;
Lam 4:1).
wild bull--rather, "oryx" [JEROME], or gazelle [GESENIUS], or wild goat [BOCHART]; commonly in the East taken in a net, of a wide sweep, into which the beasts were hunted together. The streets of cities in the East often have gates, which are closed at night; a person wishing to escape would be stopped by them and caught, as a wild animal in a net.
21 drunken . . . not with wine-- (
Isa 29:9; compare
Isa 51:17,
Isa 51:20, here;
Lam 3:15).
22 pleadeth . . . cause-- (
Ps 35:1;
Jer 50:34;
Mic 7:9).
no more drink it-- (
Isa 54:7-
Isa 54:9). This cannot apply to Israel after the return from Babylon, but only to them after their final restoration.
23 (
Isa 49:26;
Jer 25:15-
Jer 25:29;
Zech 12:2).
Bow down that . . . go over--Conquerors often literally trod on the necks of conquered kings, as Sapor of Persia did to the Roman emperor Valerian (
Josh 10:24;
Ps 18:40;
Ps 66:11-
Ps 66:12).
Zion long in bondage (
Isa 51:17-
Isa 51:20) is called to put on beautiful garments appropriate to its future prosperity.
