Elberfelder Bible - unrevised version (ca. 1900)

1Acht Jahre war Josia alt, als er König wurde, und er regierte 31 Jahre zu Jerusalem. 2Und er tat, was recht war in den Augen Jehovas; und er wandelte auf den Wegen seines Vaters David und wich nicht zur Rechten noch zur Linken. 3Und im achten Jahre seiner Regierung, als er noch ein Knabe war, fing er an, den Gott seines Vaters David zu suchen; und im zwölften Jahre fing er an, Juda und Jerusalem von den Höhen und den Ascherim und den geschnitzten und den gegossenen Bildern zu reinigen. 4Und man riß die Altäre der Baalim vor ihm nieder; und die Sonnensäulen, welche oben auf denselben waren, hieb er um; und die Ascherim und die geschnitzten und die gegossenen Bilder zerschlug und zermalmte er, und streute sie auf die Gräber derer, welche ihnen geopfert hatten; 5und die Gebeine der Priester verbrannte er auf ihren Altären. Und so reinigte er Juda und Jerusalem. 6Und in den Städten von Manasse und Ephraim und Simeon, und bis nach Naphtali hin, in ihren Trümmern ringsum, 7riß er die Altäre nieder; und die Ascherim und die geschnitzten Bilder zertrümmerte er, indem er sie zermalmte; und alle Sonnensäulen hieb er um im ganzen Lande Israel. Und er kehrte nach Jerusalem zurück. 8Und im achtzehnten Jahre seiner Regierung, während er das Land und das Haus reinigte, sandte er Schaphan, den Sohn Azaljas, und Maaseja, den Obersten der Stadt, und Joach, den Sohn Joachas', den Geschichtsschreiber, um das Haus Jehovas, seines Gottes, auszubessern. 9Und sie kamen zu Hilkija, dem Hohenpriester, und gaben das Geld, welches in das Haus Gottes gebracht worden war, das die Leviten, die Hüter der Schwelle, eingesammelt hatten, von der Hand Manasses und Ephraims und vom ganzen Überrest Israels, und von ganz Juda und Benjamin und den Bewohnern von Jerusalem: 10sie gaben es in die Hand derer, welche das Werk betrieben, die am Hause Jehovas bestellt waren. Und diese gaben es denen, welche das Werk taten, die im Hause Jehovas arbeiteten, um das Haus herzustellen und auszubessern: 11sie gaben es den Zimmerleuten und den Bauleuten, um gehauene Steine und Holz zu den Bindebalken zu kaufen, und um die Häuser zu bälken, welche die Könige von Juda verderbt hatten. 12Und die Männer handelten getreulich an dem Werke. Und über sie waren bestellt Jachath und Obadja, die Leviten, von den Söhnen Meraris, und Sekarja und Meschullam von den Söhnen der Kehathiter, um die Aufsicht zu führen; und die Leviten, alle, welche der Musikinstrumente kundig waren, 13waren sowohl über die Lastträger gesetzt, als auch Aufseher über alle, die da arbeitete in jedem Dienste; und andere von den Leviten waren Schreiber und Vorsteher und Torhüter. 14Und als sie das Geld herausnahmen, welches in das Haus Jehovas gebracht worden war, fand der Priester Hilkija das Buch des Gesetzes Jehovas durch Mose. 15Da hob Hilkija an und sprach zu Schaphan, dem Schreiber: Ich habe das Buch des Gesetzes im Hause Jehovas gefunden. Und Hilkija gab das Buch dem Schaphan. 16Und Schaphan brachte das Buch zu dem König; und er brachte ferner dem König Nachricht und sprach: Alles, was der Hand deiner Knechte übergeben worden ist, das tun sie: 17sie haben das Geld, welches im Hause Jehovas gefunden worden ist, ausgeschüttet und es in die Hand derer gegeben, welche zur Aufsicht bestellt sind, und in die Hand derer, welche das Werk tun. 18Und Schaphan, der Schreiber, berichtete dem König und sprach: Der Priester Hilkija hat mir ein Buch gegeben. Und Schaphan las darin vor dem König. 19Und es geschah, als der König die Worte des Gesetzes hörte, da zerriß er seine Kleider. 20Und der König gebot Hilkija und Achikam, dem Sohne Schaphans, und Abdon, dem Sohne Michas, und Schaphan, dem Schreiber, und Asaja, dem Knechte des Königs, und sprach: 21Gehet hin, befraget Jehova für mich und für die Übriggebliebenen in Israel und in Juda wegen der Worte des aufgefundenen Buches. Denn groß ist der Grimm Jehovas, der sich über uns ergossen hat, darum daß unsere Väter das Wort Jehovas nicht beobachtet haben, um nach allem zu tun, was in diesem Buche geschrieben steht. 22Da gingen Hilkija und diejenigen, welche der König entboten hatte, zu der Prophetin Hulda, dem Weibe Schallums, des Sohnes Tokhaths, des Sohnes Hasras, des Hüters der Kleider; sie wohnte aber zu Jerusalem im zweiten Stadtteile; und sie redeten auf diese Weise zu ihr. 23Und sie sprach zu ihnen: So spricht Jehova, der Gott Israels: Saget dem Manne, der euch zu mir gesandt hat: 24So spricht Jehova: Siehe, ich will Unglück bringen über diesen Ort und über seine Bewohner: alle die Flüche, welche in dem Buche geschrieben sind, das man vor dem König von Juda gelesen hat. 25Darum daß sie mich verlassen und anderen Göttern geräuchert haben, um mich zu reizen mit all den Machwerken ihrer Hände, so hat mein Grimm sich über diesen Ort ergossen, und er wird nicht erlöschen. 26Zu dem König von Juda aber, der euch gesandt hat, um Jehova zu befragen, zu ihm sollt ihr also sprechen: So spricht Jehova, der Gott Israels: Die Worte anlangend, die du gehört hast, - 27weil dein Herz weich geworden, und du dich vor Gott gedemütigt hast, als du seine Worte über diesen Ort und über seine Bewohner hörtest, und du dich vor mir gedemütigt und deine Kleider zerrissen und vor mir geweint hast, so habe ich es auch gehört, spricht Jehova. 28Siehe, ich werde dich zu deinen Vätern versammeln, und du wirst zu deinen Gräbern versammelt werden in Frieden; und deine Augen sollen all das Unglück nicht ansehen, das ich über diesen Ort und über seine Bewohner bringen werde. Und sie brachten dem König Antwort. 29Und der König sandte hin und versammelte alle Ältesten von Juda und von Jerusalem. 30Und der König ging hinauf in das Haus Jehovas, und alle Männer von Juda und die Bewohner von Jerusalem, und die Priester und die Leviten, und alles Volk, vom Größten bis zum Kleinsten; und man las vor ihren Ohren alle Worte des Buches des Bundes, das im Hause Jehovas gefunden worden war. 31Und der König stand auf seinem Standorte und machte den Bund vor Jehova, Jehova nachzuwandeln und seine Gebote und seine Zeugnisse und seine Satzungen zu beobachten mit seinem ganzen Herzen und mit seiner ganzen Seele, um die Worte des Bundes zu tun, welche in diesem Buche geschrieben sind. 32Und er ließ alle in den Bund treten, welche sich in Jerusalem und in Benjamin befanden. Und die Bewohner von Jerusalem taten nach dem Bunde Gottes, des Gottes ihrer Väter. 33Und Josia tat alle Greuel hinweg aus allen Ländern, welche den Kindern Israel gehörten; und er hielt alle an, die sich in Israel befanden, Jehova, ihrem Gott, zu dienen. Alle seine Tage wichen sie nicht ab von der Nachfolge Jehovas, des Gottes ihrer Väter.


Matthew Henry - Complete Commentary
 1   Concerning Josiah we are here told, 1. That he came to the crown when he was very young, only eight years old (yet his infancy did not debar him from his right), and he reigned thirty-one years (2Chr 34:1), a considerable time. I fear, however, that in the beginning of his reign things went much as they had done in his father's time, because, being a child, he must have left the management of them to others; so that it was not till his twelfth year, which goes far in the number of his years, that the reformation began, 2Chr 34:3. He could not, as Hezekiah did, fall about it immediately. 2. That he reigned very well (2Chr 34:2), approved himself to God, trod in the steps of David, and did not decline either to the right hand of to the left: for there are errors on both hands. 3. That while he was young, about sixteen years old, he began to seek after God, 2Chr 34:3. We have reason to think he had not so good an education as Manasseh had (it is well if those about him did not endeavour to corrupt and debauch him); yet he thus sought God when he was young. It is the duty and interest of young people, and will particularly be the honour of young gentlemen, as soon as they come to years of understanding, to begin to seek God; for those that seek him early shall find him. 4. That in the twelfth year of his reign, when it is probable he took the administration of the government entirely into his own hands, he began to purge his kingdom from the remains of idolatry; he destroyed the high places, groves, images, altars, all the utensils of idolatry, v. 3, 4. He not only cast them out as Manasseh did, but broke them to pieces, and made dust of them. This destruction of idolatry is here said to be in his twelfth year, but it was said (2Kgs 23:23) to be in his eighteenth year. Something was probably done towards it in his twelfth year; then he began to purge out idolatry, but that good work met with opposition, so that it was not thoroughly done till they had found the book of the law six years afterwards. But here the whole work is laid together briefly which was much more largely and particularly related in the Kings. His zeal carried him out to do this, not only in Judah and Jerusalem, but in the cities of Israel too, as far as he had any influence upon them.

 8   Here, 1. Orders are given by the king for the repair of the temple, 2Chr 34:8. When he had purged the house of the corruptions of it he began to fit it up for the services that were to be performed in it. Thus we must do by the spiritual temple of the heart, get it cleansed from the pollutions of sin, and then renewed, so as to be transformed into the image of God. Josiah, in this order, calls God the Lord his God. Those that truly love God will love the habitation of his house. 2. Care is taken about it, effectual care. The Levites went about the country and gathered money towards it, which was returned to the three trustees mentioned, 2Chr 34:8. They brought it to Hilkiah the high priest (2Chr 34:9), and he and they put it into the hands of workmen, both overseers and labourers, who undertook to do it by the great, as we say, or in the gross, 2Chr 34:10, 2Chr 34:11. It is observed that the workmen were industrious and honest: They did the work faithfully (2Chr 34:12); and workmen are not completely faithful if they are not both careful and diligent, for a confidence is reposed in them that they will be so. It is also intimated that the overseers were ingenious; for it is said that all those were employed to inspect this work who were skilful in instruments of music; not that their skill in music could be of any use in architecture, but it was an evidence that they were men of sense and ingenuity, and particularly that their genius lay towards the mathematics, which qualified them very much for this trust. Witty men are then wise men when they employ their wit in doing good, in helping their friends, and, as they have opportunity, in serving the public. Observe, in this work, how God dispenses his gifts variously; here were some that were bearers of burdens, cut out for bodily labour and fit to work. Here were others (made meliori luto - of finer materials ) that had skill in music, and they were overseers of those that laboured, and scribes and officers. The former were the hands: these were the heads. They had need of one another, and the work needed both. Let not the overseers of the work despise the bearers of burdens, nor let those that work in the service grudge at those whose office it is to direct; but let each esteem and serve the other in love, and let God have the glory and the church the benefit of the different gifts and dispositions of both.

 14   This whole paragraph we had, just as it is here related, (2Kgs:22:8-20), and have nothing to add here to what was there observed. But, 1. We may hence take occasion to bless God that we have plenty of Bibles, and that they are, or may be, in all hands, - that the book of the law and gospel is not lost, is not scarce, - that, in this sense, the word of the Lord is not precious. Bibles are jewels, but, thanks be to God, they are not rarities. The fountain of the waters of life is not a spring shut up or a fountain sealed, but the streams of it, in all places, make glad the city of our God. Usus communis aquarum - These waters flow for general use. What a great deal shall we have to answer for if the great things of God's law, being thus made common, should be accounted by us as strange things! 2. We may hence learn, whenever we read or hear the word of God, to affect our hearts with it, and to get them possessed with a holy fear of that wrath of God which is there revealed against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, as Josiah's tender heart was. When he heard the words of the law he rent his clothes (2Chr 34:19), and God was well pleased with his doing so, 2Chr 34:27. Were the things contained in the scripture new to us, as they were here to Josiah, surely they would make deeper impressions upon us than commonly they do; but they are not the less weighty, and therefore should not be the less considered by us, for their being well known. Rend the heart therefore, not the garments. 3. We are here directed when we are under convictions of sin, and apprehensions of divine wrath, to enquire of the Lord; so Josiah did, 2Chr 34:21. It concerns us to ask (as they did, Acts 2:37), Men and brethren, what shall we do? and more particularly (as the jailor), What must I do to be saved? Acts 16:30. If you will thus enquire, enquire (Isa 21:12); and, blessed be God, we have the lively oracles to which to apply with these enquiries. 4. We are here warned of the ruin that sin brings upon nations and kingdoms. Those that forsake God bring evil upon themselves (2Chr 34:24, 2Chr 34:25), and kindle a fire which shall not be quenched. Such will the fire of God's wrath be when the decree has gone forth against those that obstinately and impenitently persist in their wicked ways. 5. We are here encouraged to humble ourselves before God and seek unto him, as Josiah did. If we cannot prevail thereby to turn away God's wrath from our land, yet we shall deliver our own souls, 2Chr 34:27, 2Chr 34:28. And good people are here taught to be so far from fearing death as to welcome it rather when it takes them away from the evil to come. See how the property of it is altered by making it the matter of a promise: Thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, housed in that ark, as Noah, when a deluge is coming.

 29   We have here an account of the further advances which Josiah made towards the reformation of his kingdom upon the hearing of the law read and the receipt of the message God sent him by the prophetess. Happy the people that had such a king; for here we find that, 1. They were well taught. He did not go about to force them to do their duty, till he had first instructed them in it. He called all the people together, great and small, young and old, rich and poor, high and low. He that hath ears to hear, let him hear the words of the book of the covenant; for they are all concerned in those words. To put an honour upon the service, and to engage attention the more, though there were priests and Levites present, the king himself read the book to the people (2Chr 34:30), and he read it, no doubt, in such a manner as to show that he was himself affected with it, which would be a means of affecting the hearers. 2. They were well fixed. The articles of agreement between God and Israel being read, that they might intelligently covenant with God, both king and people with great solemnity did as it were subscribe the articles. The king in his place covenanted to keep God's commandments with all his heart and soul, according to what was written in the book (2Chr 34:31), and urged the people to declare their consent likewise to this covenant, and solemnly to promise that they would faithfully perform, fulfil, and keep, all and every thing that was on their part to be done, according to this covenant: this they did; they could not for shame do otherwise. He caused all that were present to stand to it (2Chr 34:32), and made them all to serve, even to serve the Lord their God (2Chr 34:33), to do it and to make a business of it. he did all he could to bring them to it - to serve, even to serve; the repetition denotes that this was the only thing his heart was set on; he aimed at nothing else in what he did but to engage them to God and their duty. 3. They were well tended, were honest with good looking to. All his days they departed not from following the Lord; he kept them, with much ado, from running into idolatry again. All his days were days of restraint upon them; but this intimated that there was in them a bent to backslide, a strong inclination to idolatry. Many of them wanted nothing but to have him out of the way, and then they would have their high places and their images up again. And therefore we find that in the days of Josiah (Jer 3:6) God charged it upon treacherous Judah that she had not returned to him with all her heart, but feignedly (2Chr 34:10), nay, had played the harlot (2Chr 34:8) and thereby had even justified backsliding Israel, 2Chr 34:11. In the twenty-third year of this reign, four or five years after this, they had gone on to provoke God to anger with the works of their hands (Jer 25:3-Jer 25:7); and, which is very observable, it is from the beginning of Josiah's reformation, his twelfth or thirteenth year, that the iniquity of the house of Judah, which brought ruin upon them, and which the prophet was to bear lying on his right side, was dated (Ezek 4:6), for thence to the destruction of Jerusalem was just forty years. Josiah was sincere in what he did, but the generality of the people were averse to it and hankered after their idols still; so that the reformation, though well designed and well prosecuted by the prince, had little or no effect upon the people. It was with reluctancy that they parted with their idols; still they were in heart joined to them, and wished for them again. This God saw, and therefore from that time, when one would have thought the foundations had been laid for a perpetual security and peace, from that very time did the decree go forth for their destruction. Nothing hastens the ruin of a people nor ripens them for it more than the baffling of hopeful attempts for reformation and a hypocritical return to God. Be not deceived, God is not mocked.